Effects of acidic and basic parent materials on formation of some soils in Quebec (Canada)

Kimpe, C. R. De; Laverdière, M. R.; Dejou, J.; LaSalle, Peggy

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(84)90023-5

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Furthermore, if the 20× discrepancy were caused predominantly by macrofractures due to processes specific to the Piedmont, then granitic rocks elsewhere would not necessarily show thicker regolith than diabase (Figure ) because fracturing varies with local specifics of tectonics and exhumation. In fact, several authors have argued that the thickness of regolith as well as the thickness of weathering rinds (Fritz and Ragland, ; Gardner et al ., ; De Kimpe et al ., ; Fritz, ; Oh and Richter, ; Schroeder and West, ) are greater on felsic compared to mafic rocks where regolith‐forming factors such as climate and landscape position are similar. For example, our compilation of regolith thicknesses reported for granitic ( n = 13; average thickness = 13 · 7 m) and mafic bedrock ( n = 13; average thickness = 2 · 9 m) from humid temperate, tropic and subtropic climates show thicker regolith on granite (Figure ; Table I).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where fast weathering creates thin regolith and slow weathering creates thick regolith

Bazilevskaya

Lebedeva

Pavich

et al. 2012

Earth Surf Processes Landf

111

155

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Weathering disaggregates rock into regolith – the fractured or granular earth material that sustains life on the continental land surface. Here, we investigate what controls the depth of regolith formed on ridges of two rock compositions with similar initial porosities in Virginia (USA). A priori, we predicted that the regolith on diabase would be thicker than on granite because the dominant mineral (feldspar) in the diabase weathers faster than its granitic counterpart. However, weathering advanced 20× deeper into the granite than the diabase. The 20 × ‐thicker regolith is attributed mainly to connected micron‐sized pores, microfractures formed around oxidizing biotite at 20 m depth, and the lower iron (Fe) content in the felsic rock. Such porosity allows pervasive advection and deep oxidation in the granite. These observations may explain why regolith worldwide is thicker on felsic compared to mafic rock under similar conditions. To understand regolith formation will require better understanding of such deep oxidation reactions and how they impact fluid flow during weathering. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where fast weathering creates thin regolith and slow weathering creates thick regolith

Bazilevskaya

Lebedeva

Pavich

et al. 2012

Earth Surf Processes Landf

111

155

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“…Une comparaison plus poussée entre ces profils demanderait de connaître les compositions chimiques totales, surtout les teneurs en fer et aluminium dans les formations Bullstrode et Trinité. Les teneurs en Fe et Al déterminent la possibilité qu'ont ces éléments de former des complexes organomé-talliques, ce qui peut modifier considérablement le rapport (Fe + Al)p/argile dont la limite est fixée à 0,05 (DE KIMPE et al, 1984, DE KIMPE et DEJOU, 1986.…”

Section: Profil Intermédiaire Melbourne-savoieunclassified

Formation et évolution des sols sur matériaux calcaires dans le piémont appalachien, Québec

Kimpe¹,

Laverdière²,

Laflamme³

et al. 2007

gpq

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Les sols développés sur matériaux calcaires et qualifiés de résiduels à semi-résiduels par les pédologues occupent plus de 15 000 ha au Québec. Quatre profils ont été échantillonnés près de Plessisville, dans un milieu de dépôts glaciaires, pour étudier la formation et l'évolution de tels sols. Les dépôts meubles ne dépassent pas 1 mètre d'épaisseur. Les schistes sont absents du solum des profils modérément bien drainés, tandis que leur contenu augmente depuis la surface vers la profondeur dans le profil mal drainé. Des mesures de désagrégation des schistes dans l'eau et HCI dilué ont montré que la décomposition des schistes est favorisée par la dissolution du carbonate. L'instabilité des schistes dans l'eau semble pouvoir expliquer le caractère résiduel des dépôts meubles. Pour connaître leur origine, glaciaire ou résiduelle, il paraît nécessaire d'étudier la relation roche arène dans un dépôt profond. Dans les profils modérément bien drainés, il y a formation de complexes organométalliques de Fe et Al, mais peu de transformation des minéraux. Un podzol humo-ferrique orthique et un brunisol mélanique orthique ont été identifiés. Le sol imparfaitement drainé montre peu de différenciation à l'intérieur du profil et il a été classé comme un brunisol mélanique gleyifié. Le carbonate éliminé a été transporté latéralement et s'est accumulé sous forme de marne dans la dépression voisine. Un humisol terrique s'est développé à cet endroit.Soils developed on calcareous parent materials and identified as "residual or semi-residual" by soil surveyors, cover more than 15,000 ha in Québec. Four profiles were sampled near Plessisville, in a once glaciated area, in order to study soil formation. Loose parent material over the rock did not exceed one meter. Shale fragments were absent in the moderately well drained profiles whereas the content increased with depth in the poorly drained one. Disaggregation tests carried out in water and dilute HCI indicated that the shale decomposed more easily when carbonate was dissolved. Shale disaggregation could account for the residual character of the parent material, as proposed by several authors. However, to assign more definitely a glacial or residual origin to the parent material in this area, it would be necessary to investigate the rock-arenite transition in a deeper deposit. In the moderately well drained profiles, mineral alteration was moderate and organometallic complexes were translocated to the B horizons. One profile was classified as an orthic humo-ferric podzol and the second one as an orthic melanic brunisol. There was only very slight profile development in the poorly drained soil that was classified as a gleyed melanic brunisol. Carbonate dissolved in the profiles moved to an adjacent depression, where it accumulated as a marl deposit; here a terric humisol developed.Die Bôden, die sich auf kalkhaltigem Material entwickelt haben, und die von den Bodenforschern als Rùckstandsbôden bis Halbrùckstandsbôden bezeichnet werden, nehmen mehr als 15 000 ha in Québec ein. Bei Ples...

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“…In andDeKimpe 7977)andontario (Rutherford t"-pJ.ut" and northern latitudes continen-1975).lntheearly lg80sadditionalsaprolites tal ind alpine glaciers have scoured the were discovered in Quebec, as well as in New landscape iuch that most saprolites have Brunswick (Wang et al 1981) (1982) In the Kamloops profile smectite is also the dominant mineral in the soil (Fig. 2C, D Kamloops Ck Horizon 54cm depth …”

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confidence: 95%

Characteristics of Two Mafic Saprolites and Their Associated Soil Profiles in Canada

Rutherford¹,

Thacker²

1988

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Two soil profiles developed from mafic saprolites were examined at Economy Mountain, Nova Scotia and Kamloops, British Colombia. The underlying rocks, a tholeiitic basalt in Nova Scotia and a basic greenstone schist at Kamloops, were apparently transformed to predominantly smectitic saprolites in pre-Holocene times. During the Wisconsinan glacial stage the sola and a significant portion of the saprolites were removed. Holocene pedogenesis has produced new sola on the saprolites. In Nova Scotia, the solum may have some locally derived till or colluvium component. Key words: Mafic pedogenesis, Paleosols, soil mineralogy

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Effects of acidic and basic parent materials on formation of some soils in Quebec (Canada)

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Where fast weathering creates thin regolith and slow weathering creates thick regolith

Where fast weathering creates thin regolith and slow weathering creates thick regolith

Formation et évolution des sols sur matériaux calcaires dans le piémont appalachien, Québec

Characteristics of Two Mafic Saprolites and Their Associated Soil Profiles in Canada

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