“…In the following, the term ''sham'' is used according to the description of the respective publication. Sham interventions were needling at non-acupuncture points with stimulation (17 out of 48; 35.4%) [24, 25, 30, 31, 35, 42-44, 50, 53, 62, 73, 83-85, 94, 95], without or with minimal stimulation (10 out of 48; 20.8%) [22,27,37,44,46,47,57,86,93,95], minimal or no intensity needle stimulation at classical acupuncture points (10 out of 48; 20.8%) [40,44,66,80,88,92,95,97,103,104], non-penetrating placebo needles (12 out of 48; 25%) [28,33,45,52,60,61,72,76,78,79,98,99], or treatment with an inactive laser pen (5 out of 48; 10.4%) [31,48,49,77,95]. In 25 of these 48 studies (52.1%) the effect on sensory thresholds was significantly larger in the verum than in the sham acupuncture group [25, 28, 31, 33, 37, 40, 46, 50, 52, 57, 60, 62, 72, 76, 78-80, 83-85, 88, 92, 93, 95, 97].…”