Effects of acute bovine trypanosomosis (Trypanosoma vivax) on plasma kinetics of intravenously administered lactose

Umar, I.A.; Omage, J. J.; Shugaba, AI; Igbokwe, I.O.; Ibrahim, N. D. G.; Kadima, K. B.; Ameh, D. A.; Kwanashie, Helen O.; Agbede, R. I. S.; Saror, D.I.; Esievo, K. A. N.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00132-5

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Rather the infusion ameliorated the electrolytes aberrations associated with T. vivax infection in cattle, probably by expanding the extracellular fluid volume with chloride [31,32] and producing a near normal anion gap, as observed in this study. However the addition K+ to the lactose saline solution would be beneficial, if lactose is to be considered as a base for a trypanocidal drug [11,[12][13][14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parasitemia was monitored in groups B and C by the micro-hematocrit, wet mounts, and hemocytometer methods. At the peak of parasitemia, when the disease had been established (further confirmed by the decline in packed cell volume (PCV)), each of the cattle in group C was given lactose in normal saline intravenously at the dose rate of 0.5 g/kg body weight daily at the rate of 18 ml/min; the lactose (in saline) was given as a function of the animal's weight, their blood volume being about 6-7% of their body weight as outlined by Umar et al [13][14][15].…”

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These latter processes can be inhibited by lactose, thus supporting lactose as a base for a trypanocidal agent. For these reasons, the kinetics of intravenously infused lactose in cattle [13] and the effects of T. vivax infection on the lactose kinetics were established [14,15]. The volume of lactose in normal saline infusion made it imperative to investigate the effects of the infusion on the electrolytes in cattle T, vivax infection, as reported herein.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Lactose in Saline Infusion on Electrolyte Alterations in Trypanosoma vivax-Infected Cattle.

Kadima

Umar

Omage

et al. 1999

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Lactose in Saline Infusion on Electrolyte Alterations in Trypanosoma vivax-Infected Cattle.

Kadima

Umar

Omage

et al. 1999

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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“…It is suggested that the use of lactose (as an excipient for a trypanocidal agent) may improve the efficacy and efficiency of treatment by slowing down the rate of development of anaemia, and hence the general degeneration of the infected animal. Earlier investigations have established the plasma kinectics of infused lactose-in-saline in apparently healthy (Umar et al, 1998a) and T. vivax-infected cattle (Umar et al, 1998b), as well as the effect of the infusion on electrolyte balance in these animals (Kadima et al, 1999). The present report focuses on the variations in packed cell volumes, as an index of anaemia, in T. vivaxinfected cattle infused with lactose-in saline solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The effect of lactose-in-saline infusion on packed cell volume variation during trypanosoma vivax induced anaemia of cattle

Umar¹,

Igbokwe²,

Omage³

et al. 2008

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The effect of intravenous infusion of a solution of lactose-in-normal saline on the course of Trypanosoma vivax induced anaemia in Zebu yearlings was investigated. The animals were infected with 11 x 10 6 trypanosomes by jugular venipuncture and lactose-in-normal saline infusion started on day 6, post-infection (p.i). Three four-hourly doses of 0.5 g lactose/kg body weight were administered to each infected yearling in the experimental group daily for five days, while the infected control yearlings received no lactose-infusion. The experiment was terminated on day 13, p.i. Parasitaemia in the lactoseinfused yearlings was scorable throughout the duration of experiment while parasites could not be detected in the blood of the infected control yearlings between days 7 and 9, p.i. Serum free sialic acids (FSA) concentration was also consistently higher in the lactose-infused yearlings than in the lactosefree ones. In the before lactose infusion (BL) period the PCV of the lactose-infused group dropped at a significantly (P < 0.05) faster rate than in the lactose-free one. In the DL (during lactose infusion) period, the rate and magnitude of decline in PCV was significantly lower in the lactose-infused yearlings than in the lactose-free animals. When lactose infusion was stopped (AL) the rate and magnitude of PCV decline became greater in the lactose-infused yearlings than in the lactose-free ones. It was thus concluded that lactose ameliorated anaemia, by inhibiting the sequestration of desialylated erythrocytes from the blood stream of T. vivax-infected yearlings. This manifested in the reduced magnitude and rate of decrease in PCV in the lactose-infused infected yearlings.

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“…Although, the amelioration of anemia by lactose infusion during trypanosomosis is documented (Umar et al, 1998: Fatihu et al, 2008, there is a dearth of information on this, and the mechanism of the slow anemia progression remains inconclusive. To date, the only suggested mechanism is a competition for the galactose-specific lectins on MPS by lactose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia amelioration by lactose infusion during trypanosomosis could be associated with erythrocytes membrane de-galactosylation

Balogun

Balogun²,

Yusuf

et al. 2014

Veterinary Parasitology

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African trypanosomosis is a potentially fatal disease that is caused by extracellular parasitic protists known as African trypanosomes. These parasites inhabit the blood stream of their mammalian hosts and produce a number of pathological features, amongst which is anemia. Etiology of the anemia has been partly attributed to an autoimmunity-like mediated erythrophagocytosis of de-sialylated red blood cells (dsRBCs) by macrophages. Lactose infusion to infected animals has proven effective at delaying progression of the anemia. However, the mechanism of this anemia prevention is yet to be well characterized. Here, the hypothesis of a likely induced further modification of the dsRBCs was investigated. RBC membrane galactose (RBC m-GAL) and packed cell volume (PCV) were measured during the course of experimental trypanosomosis in mice infected with Trypanosoma congolense (stb 212). Intriguingly, while the membrane galactose on the RBCs of infected and lactose-treated mice (group D) decreased as a function of parasitemia, that of the lactose-untreated infected group (group C) remained relatively constant, as was recorded for the uninfected lactose-treated control (group B) animals. At the peak of infection, the respective cumulative percent decrease in PCV and membrane galactose were 30 and 185 for group D, and 84 and 13 for group C. From this observed inverse relationship between RBCs membrane galactose and PCV, it is logical to rationalize that the delay of anemia progression during trypanosomosis produced by lactose might have resulted from an induction of galactose depletion from dsRBCs, thereby preventing their recognition by the macrophages.

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Effects of acute bovine trypanosomosis (Trypanosoma vivax) on plasma kinetics of intravenously administered lactose

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of Lactose in Saline Infusion on Electrolyte Alterations in Trypanosoma vivax-Infected Cattle.

Effects of Lactose in Saline Infusion on Electrolyte Alterations in Trypanosoma vivax-Infected Cattle.

The effect of lactose-in-saline infusion on packed cell volume variation during trypanosoma vivax induced anaemia of cattle

Anemia amelioration by lactose infusion during trypanosomosis could be associated with erythrocytes membrane de-galactosylation

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