Effects of acute moderate hypoxia on anaerobic capacity in endurance-trained runners

Friedmann, B; Frese, Falko; Menold, Elmar; Bärtsch, Peter

doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0473-0

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Attention has recently shifted toward IHT in the form of sprint training (Faiss et al, 2013b , 2015 ; Galvin et al, 2013 ; Puype et al, 2013 ), because maximal power (Calbet et al, 2003 ) and anaerobic capacity (Friedmann et al, 2007 ) are well-maintained in hypoxia. This may allow for more explicit systemic and muscular adaptations due to elevated hypoxic and oxidative stress in conjunction with pertinent neuromuscular and neuromechanical loading (Morales-Alamo et al, 2012 ; McGinnis et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Intake Promotes Shift in Muscle Fiber Type Composition during Sprint Interval Training in Hypoxia

et al. 2016

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Purpose: We investigated the effect of sprint interval training (SIT) in normoxia, vs. SIT in hypoxia alone or in conjunction with oral nitrate intake, on buffering capacity of homogenized muscle (βhm) and fiber type distribution, as well as on sprint and endurance performance.Methods: Twenty-seven moderately-trained participants were allocated to one of three experimental groups: SIT in normoxia (20.9% FiO2) + placebo (N), SIT in hypoxia (15% FiO2) + placebo (H), or SIT in hypoxia + nitrate supplementation (HN). All participated in 5 weeks of SIT on a cycle ergometer (30-s sprints interspersed by 4.5 min recovery-intervals, 3 weekly sessions, 4–6 sprints per session). Nitrate (6.45 mmol NaNO3) or placebo capsules were administered 3 h before each session. Before and after SIT participants performed an incremental VO2max-test, a 30-min simulated cycling time-trial, as well as a 30-s cycling sprint test. Muscle biopsies were taken from m. vastus lateralis.Results: SIT decreased the proportion of type IIx muscle fibers in all groups (P < 0.05). The relative number of type IIa fibers increased (P < 0.05) in HN (P < 0.05 vs. H), but not in the other groups. SIT had no significant effect on βhm. Compared with H, SIT tended to enhance 30-s sprint performance more in HN than in H (P = 0.085). VO2max and 30-min time-trial performance increased in all groups to a similar extent.Conclusion: SIT in hypoxia combined with nitrate supplementation increases the proportion of type IIa fibers in muscle, which may be associated with enhanced performance in short maximal exercise. Compared with normoxic training, hypoxic SIT does not alter βhm or endurance and sprinting exercise performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Intake Promotes Shift in Muscle Fiber Type Composition during Sprint Interval Training in Hypoxia

et al. 2016

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“…Previous studies investigated the decrease in aerobic exercise capacity (e.g. HR, SpO 2 , minute ventilation, red blood cell; RBC count, hemoglobin; Hb level, hematocrit; Hct, and VO 2 ) under hypoxic conditions during submaximal exercise and VO 2 max (Lawler et al 1988 ; Calbet et al 2003 ; Friedmann et al 2007 ; Bhaumik et al 2008 ). However, very few studies conducted the effect of acute hypoxia on cardiac function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, results have been inconsistent regarding stroke volume (SV), end-systolic volume (ESV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction (EF), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and CO (Thomson et al 2006 ; Hsu et al 2006 ; Hainsworth and Drinkhill 2007 ; Yan et al 2007 ; Fukuda et al 2010 ). These inconsistencies might have resulted from differences in the study design, extent of hypoxia, exercise type, intensity, and duration (Thomson et al 2006 ; Lawler et al 1988 ; Sunoo et al 1997 ; Morton and Cable 2005 ; Hinckson et al 2006 ; Friedmann et al 2007 ; Adamos et al 2008 ; Elstad et al 2009 ). Therefore, variations in metabolic parameters and cardiac function, and decrease in aerobic exercise capacity under hypoxic conditions have not been explained clearly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of various acute hypoxic conditions on metabolic parameters and cardiac function during exercise and recovery

et al. 2016

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PurposeEvaluation of metabolic parameters and cardiac function is important to determine the decrease in aerobic exercise capacity under hypoxic conditions. However, the variations in metabolic parameters and cardiac function and the reasons for the decrease in aerobic exercise capacity under hypoxic conditions have not been clearly explained. The purpose of this study was to compare the responses between sea level and various acute normobaric hypoxic conditions on metabolic parameters and cardiac function during exercise and recovery in order to evaluate aerobic exercise capacity.MethodsTen healthy male participants (21.3 ± 3.06 y) performed submaximal bicycle exercise (116.7 ± 20.1 W and 60 rpm) at sea level (20.9 % O2) and under various normobaric hypoxic conditions (16.5 % O2, 14.5 % O2, 12.8 % O2, and 11.2 % O2) in a random order. Metabolic parameters (arterial oxygen saturation; SPO2, oxygen consumption; VO2, blood lactate level) and cardiac function (heart rate; HR, stroke volume; SV, end-systolic volume; ESV, end-diastolic volume; EDV, ejection fraction; EF, cardiac output; CO) were measured at rest, during exercise (30 min), and recovery (30 min). We compared the responses on metabolic parameters and cardiac function between the different oxygen partial pressure conditions during exercise and recovery.ResultsThe various acute normobaric hypoxic conditions did not affect VO2 and SV during exercise and recovery. SPO2 decreased (p < .05) and blood lactate level increased (p < .05) as the oxygen partial pressure decreased. HR, EF, CO increased (p < .05) and EDV, ESV decreased (p < .05) at oxygen partial pressures of 14.5 % O2 and below compared with 20.9 and 16.5 % O2 during exercise and recovery.ConclusionA decrease in the oxygen partial pressure to 14.5 % O2 and below might be associated with significant changes in metabolic parameters and cardiac function during exercise and recovery. These changes are an acute compensation response to reduced aerobic exercise capacity by decreased oxygen delivering and utilizing capacities under hypoxic conditions.

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“…According to this method, the MAOD represents the difference between the predicted oxygen demand and the accumulated oxygen uptake measured during a supramaximal exhaustive test. Previous studies have reported that the MAOD is sensitive in responding to anaerobic training ( 7 ), does not change during acute exposure to hypoxia ( 8 ), and is significantly correlated with muscle phosphocreatine and lactate concentrations ( 3 ). Although these findings suggest that the MAOD might be a valid physiological measurement of anaerobic metabolism, it does not provide separate estimates of the contributions made by alactic (AL MET ) and lactic (LA MET ) metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between anaerobic components of the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit and 30-second Wingate test

Bertuzzi

Kiss

Damasceno

et al. 2015

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the anaerobic components of the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) and of the 30-second Wingate anaerobic test (30-WAnT). Nine male physical education students performed: a) a maximal incremental exercise test; b) a supramaximal constant workload test to determine the anaerobic components of the MAOD; and c) a 30-WAnT to measure the peak power (PP) and mean power (MP). The fast component of the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and blood lactate accumulation were measured after the supramaximal constant workload test in order to determine the contributions made by alactic (ALMET) and lactic (LAMET) metabolism. Significant correlations were found between PP and ALMET (r=0.71; P=0.033) and between MP and LAMET (r=0.72; P=0.030). The study results suggested that the anaerobic components of the MAOD and of the 30-WAnT are similarly applicable in the assessment of ALMET and LAMET during high-intensity exercise.

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Effects of acute moderate hypoxia on anaerobic capacity in endurance-trained runners

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

Nitrate Intake Promotes Shift in Muscle Fiber Type Composition during Sprint Interval Training in Hypoxia

Nitrate Intake Promotes Shift in Muscle Fiber Type Composition during Sprint Interval Training in Hypoxia

Effects of various acute hypoxic conditions on metabolic parameters and cardiac function during exercise and recovery

Association between anaerobic components of the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit and 30-second Wingate test

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