Effects of Acute Pain Reduction Methods on the Chronic Inflammatory Lesions and Behaviour of Lambs Castrated and Tail Docked with Rubber Rings at less than Two Days of Age

Kent, J.E.; Jackson, R; Molony, V.; Hosie, Brian

doi:10.1053/tvjl.2000.0465

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…1 As a result, assessment of the effects of analgesia before and after castration of production animal species has increased markedly in the last decade. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] In contrast, comparatively little research has been done to evaluate analgesic protocols and surgical techniques for castration of horses. [11][12][13][14] Among equine practitioners, there is considerable debate regarding the severity of pain that horses have after castration, 12,[15][16][17] with minimal, and often conflicting, data to inform the debate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic effects of butorphanol tartrate and phenylbutazone administered alone and in combination in young horses undergoing routine castration

Sanz¹,

Sellon²,

Cary³

et al. 2009

javma

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Objective-To compare the analgesic efficacy of administration of butorphanol tartrate, phenylbutazone, or both drugs in combination in colts undergoing routine castration. Design-Randomized controlled clinical trial. Animals-36 client-owned colts. Procedures-Horses received treatment with butorphanol alone (0.05 mg/kg [0.023 mg/ lb], IM, prior to surgery and then q 4 h for 24 hours), phenylbutazone alone (4.4 mg/kg [2.0 mg/lb], IV, prior to surgery and then 2.2 mg/kg [1.0 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h for 3 days), or butorphanol and phenylbutazone at the aforementioned dosages (12 horses/group). For single-drug-treated horses, appropriate placebos were administered to balance treatment protocols among groups. All horses were anesthetized, and lidocaine hydrochloride was injected into each testis. Physical and physiological variables, plasma cortisol concentration, body weight, and water consumption were assessed before and at intervals after surgery, and induction of and recovery from anesthesia were subjectively characterized. Observers assessed signs of pain by use of a visual analogue scale and a numerical rating scale. Results-Significant changes in gastrointestinal sounds, fecal output, and plasma cortisol concentrations were evident in each treatment group over time, compared with preoperative values. At any time point, assessed variables and signs of pain did not differ significantly among groups, although the duration of recumbency after surgery was longest for the butorphanol-phenylbutazone-treated horses. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-With intratesticular injections of lidocaine, administration of butorphanol to anesthetized young horses undergoing routine castration had the same apparent analgesic effect as phenylbutazone treatment. Combined butorphanolphenylbutazone treatment was not apparently superior to either drug used alone. (J Am Vet

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic effects of butorphanol tartrate and phenylbutazone administered alone and in combination in young horses undergoing routine castration

Sanz¹,

Sellon²,

Cary³

et al. 2009

javma

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“…Detection of pain signs in sheep is hindered not only by the animals' individual differences in reactions to threatening situations (Wemelsfelder and Farish, 2004), as well as differences in damaged tissues and ways in which the damage occurs (Kent et al, 2000), but also by the effect of evolutionary pressures to hide pain to diminish predation risk (Butler and Finn, 2009). It has been speculated that showing an abnormal behaviour in response to pain may cause isolation from the group and increase predation risk (Dwyer, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of tail-docked lambs tested in isolation

Marchewka

Heredia

Averós

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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The aims of the current study were to detect behavioural indicators of pain of tail-docked sheep tested in isolation and to determine the relationship between behaviour and the pain levels to which they were exposed. Twentyfour female lambs, randomly assigned to four pens, had their tail docked with a rubber ring (TD; n = 6) without pain control procedures, TD with anaesthesia (TDA; n = 6) or TD with anaesthesia and analgesia (TDAA; n = 6). Additionally, six lambs handled but without tail docking or application of pain relief measures were used as the control (C).

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“…Diese Auswirkungen können chronischer Schmerz, Hyperalgesie, Phantomschmerz, neuropathischer Schmerz oder Infektionen sein (Mellor und Stafford, 1999). Kent et al (2000) konnten die Reduktion der kastrationsbedingten Schmerzen durch eine lokale Anästhesie über die eigentliche Wirkungsdauer hinaus zeigen und es wäre von Interesse, diese Ergebnisse zu bestätigen. Um die kastrationsbedingten Schmerzen zu reduzieren, bieten sich verschiedene Möglichkeiten an.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Einfluss der Lokalanästhesie auf Schmerz und Stress verursacht durch unblutige Kastrationsmethoden beim jungen Lamm

Sci.)

Doherr²,

Wechsler³

et al. 2007

Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde

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Behavioural and cortisol responses of lambs were used as indicators of pain and distress to assess short- and long-term effects of bloodless castration methods with and without local anaesthesia. Eighty lambs, aged 2-7 days, were control handled or castrated by crushing- Burdizzo- or rubber ring method with and without local anaesthesia. Either 4 mg/kg diluted lidocaine, or corresponding volumes of physiologic sodium chloride solution were distributed in both spermatic cords and the scrotal neck. The serum cortisol response was monitored for 48 h, behavioural- and clinical traits over a 3-month period. The crushing castration method was excluded from the study after 10 lambs had been castrated, since this method showed severe local reactions. Local anaesthesia significantly reduced behavioural and cortisol responses after rubber ring castration and tendentially after Burdizzo castration. Prolonged or chronic pain after rubber ring castration with anaesthesia was not evident. If combined with local anaesthesia, both the rubber ring and the Burdizzo method are acceptable methods for castration of lambs up to one week of age.

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Effects of Acute Pain Reduction Methods on the Chronic Inflammatory Lesions and Behaviour of Lambs Castrated and Tail Docked with Rubber Rings at less than Two Days of Age

Cited by 40 publications

References 21 publications

Analgesic effects of butorphanol tartrate and phenylbutazone administered alone and in combination in young horses undergoing routine castration

Analgesic effects of butorphanol tartrate and phenylbutazone administered alone and in combination in young horses undergoing routine castration

Behaviour of tail-docked lambs tested in isolation

Einfluss der Lokalanästhesie auf Schmerz und Stress verursacht durch unblutige Kastrationsmethoden beim jungen Lamm

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