Effects of Acute Supramaximal Cycle Exercise on Plasma FFA Concentration in Obese Adolescent Boys

Jabbour, Georges; Iancu, Horia-Daniel; Paulin, A.; Lavoie, Jean-Marc; Lemoine-Morel, Sophie

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0129654

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“… 11 In a recent study, Racil et al 11 on an outdoor athletics track reported that HIT (15 s) at 100% of maximal aerobic speed (MAS) induced better results in body composition and in the rate of perceived exertion at maximal effort in obese female adolescents, compared with training at moderate intensity (80% of MAS). In addition, Jabbour et al 12 evaluated the acute effect of a new form of exercise (very brief—6 s), which has been shown to be tolerable for experimental subjects and was indeed able to enhance LO. More other studies have also shown that HIT improved insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity exercise training does not influence body weight but improves lipid oxidation in obese adults: a 6-week RCT

Jabbour

Iancu

2017

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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ObjectivesThis study examined the effects of 6 weeks of high-intensity training (HIT) on lipid oxidation (LO) rates during incremental exercises in obese adults.MethodsTwenty-four obese adults were randomised into a no-exercise control group (n=12; body mass index=33.3 (4.8) kg.m−2) and a HIT group (18 sessions of 6×6 s of supramaximal cycling and 2 min passive intervals; n=12; body mass index=33.2 (2.8)kg.m−2). The percentage of LO contribution was computed at rest and for all workloads (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 W) in both groups before and after training via a graded maximal cycling test.ResultsAfter training, the HIT group showed significantly higher LO at rest and at 25, 50 and 75 W compared with baseline (p<0.01) and the control group (p<0.01). Moreover, for the training group, the homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index decreased significantly from the baseline value (p<0.01) and the control group value (p<0.01). The increases in LO observed at rest and stages 25, 50 and 75 W were positively correlated with the declines in the HOMA-IR index (r=0.87, r=0.83, r=0.91 and r=0.88; p<0.01).ConclusionIn obese adults, HIT increased lipid contributions to energy release at rest and in response to incremental exercise, while there were no changes in participants’ aerobic capacity. This supports the hypothesis that metabolic changes rather than improved aerobic capacity are important to improve LO.Trial registration numberISRCTN66508384. Stage: post-results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity exercise training does not influence body weight but improves lipid oxidation in obese adults: a 6-week RCT

Jabbour

Iancu

2017

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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“…Although most researchers agree that this intervention is extremely beneficial in individuals with excess body weight,10 this protocol is extremely difficult, as participants must tolerate considerable discomfort. Given that very brief high-intensity exercise in the form of sprint, which typically lasts 6–10 s, induces substantial improvements in performance and health-related outcomes,9 the present training model was remarkably short in duration and was tolerated extremely well by our experimental participants as previously shown by Jabbour et al 17…”

Section: Training Sessionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The optimal load corresponded to the load at which maximal power (PO max ) was achieved. As previously developed by our laboratory17 this load was then used for the training protocol that followed. The force-velocity test was also performed every 2 weeks to adjust the individual power level of the HIT.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each supramaximal repetition lasted 6 s, and the participants were asked to pedal at maximal velocity against the resistance determined during D2. This form of exercise has been previously developed by Jabbour et al 17. The repeat sprint cycling test was conducted under the supervision of a member of the research team, and velocities (in RPM) were recorded for each second of the bout in order to ensure that said velocities were constant.…”

Section: Training Sessionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical efficiency improvement in relation to metabolic changes in sedentary obese adults

Jabbour

Iancu

2015

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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PurposeMechanical efficiency (ME) refers to the ability of an individual to transfer energy consumed by external work. This performance indicator is impaired by obesity and is associated with decreased high-intensity exercise performance. However, it is unclear if ME may be improved in response to high intensity training (HIT). This study aimed to determine if ME increases in response to HIT in obese adults and to identify the factors associated with these changes.Methods24 obese adults (body mass index=∼33 kg/m2) were randomised into control (n=12) and trained (n=12) groups. Following baseline metabolic, anthropometric, fitness and ME measurements, the participants completed a 6-week exercise intervention that included 18 sessions of six repeats of 6 s supramaximal sprints on an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer. The metabolic, anthropometric and fitness assessments were repeated postintervention. ME (expressed as a %) was calculated during an incremental maximal cycling test at stages of 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 W.ResultsME did not differ across the groups at 25 and 50 W. Following HIT, ME increased significantly at 75, 100 and 125 W (p<0.01, respectively) compared with the control group (p<0.01, respectively). Although no changes in fat-free mass were observed following HIT, the increases in ME at 75, 100 and 125 W correlated positively with both homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance index decreases (r=0.9; r=0.89 and r=0.88, p<0.01, respectively) and peak power increases (r=0.87, r=0.88 and r=0.9, p<0.01, respectively).ConclusionsAlthough there were no changes in the participants’ anthropometric variables, HIT improved ME in obese adults, an enhancement that appears to be related to increases in muscle strength and metabolic adaptations.

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“…The same training protocol has been previously developed and tested by our laboratory (Jabbour and Iancu ; Jabbour et al. ). Each of the prescribed sessions began with a 5 min warm‐up consisting of continuous cycling at moderate intensity corresponding to 40–50% of each participant's HRmax, and was followed by six repetitions of SCE intervals with 2 min of passive recovery between each repetition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity interval training improves performance in young and older individuals by increasing mechanical efficiency

et al. 2017

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This study evaluated the effects of 6 weeks of high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) on mechanical efficiency (ME) in young and older groups. Seventeen healthy young adults [26.2(2.4) year], and thirteen healthy older adults [54.5(2.3) year] completed a 6‐week HIIT intervention (three sessions per week) on an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer. Each HIIT session contained six repetitions of supramaximal exercise intervals (6 seconds each) with 2 min of passive recovery between each repetition. ME (%) were computed in net terms across stages corresponding to ventilator thresholds 1 (VT1) and 2 (VT2) and at 100% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max) of an incremental maximal cycling test. After 6 weeks, the ME values did not differ between the two groups and were significantly higher than the ones at baseline (P < 0.01). In this study, the multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated the increases in maximal power (Pmax) contributed significantly to ME increases over 6 weeks at VT1, VT2 and at 100% of VO 2max. This model accounted respectively for 28, 38, and 42%, of the increases. In older adults, ME determined during incremental maximal cycling test increases at VT1, VT2 and at 100% over 6‐week HIIT intervention, and the increment appeared to be related to increases in Pmax. HIIT can be recommended as a strategy aimed at improving muscle efficiency among older adults.

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Effects of Acute Supramaximal Cycle Exercise on Plasma FFA Concentration in Obese Adolescent Boys

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

High-intensity exercise training does not influence body weight but improves lipid oxidation in obese adults: a 6-week RCT

High-intensity exercise training does not influence body weight but improves lipid oxidation in obese adults: a 6-week RCT

Mechanical efficiency improvement in relation to metabolic changes in sedentary obese adults

High-intensity interval training improves performance in young and older individuals by increasing mechanical efficiency

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