Effects of added thermally treated penicillin fermentation residues on the quality and safety of composts

Ren, Jianjun; Deng, Liujie; Li, Chunyu; Li, Zhijie; Huhetaoli,; Zhang, Jin; Niu, Dongze

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.111984

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although composting is an environment-friendly and economical method to treat organic wastes, residual antibiotics would potentially select for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria [ 10 ]. To eliminate the potential risks in enriching ARGs and reduce the cost of the PMD treatment some researchers tried to degraded residual antibiotics in PMD by HT at subcritical temperatures, in which water generates hydronium and hydrated hydroxyl ions [ 11 ], and then used the treated PMD as raw material for composting [ 12 ] and methane production [ 13 , 14 ]. The results of previous studies proved that HT plays an important role in the disposal of PMD, but the main factors affecting degradation kinetics and safety of degradation products are still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pH and Metal Ions on the Hydrothermal Treatment of Penicillin: Kinetic, Pathway, and Antibacterial Activity

Zhang

Niu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Antibiotic residues lead to the risk of resistance gene enrichment, which is the main reason why penicillin mycelial dreg (PMD) is defined as hazardous waste. Hydrothermal treatment (HT) is an effective method to treat penicillin mycelial dreg, but the degradation mechanism of penicillin is unclear. In the study, we researched the effects of pH (4–10) at 80–100 °C and metal ions (Mn2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) at several concentrations on the HT of penicillin, identified the degradation products (DPs) under different conditions, and evaluated the antibacterial activity of hydrothermally treated samples. The results show that penicillin degradation kinetics highly consistent with pseudo-first-order model (R2 = 0.9447–0.9999). The degradation rates (k) at pH = 4, 7, and 10 were 0.1603, 0.0039, and 0.0485 min−1, indicating acidic conditions were more conducive to penicillin degradation. Among the four tested metal ions, Zn2+ had the most significant catalytic effect. Adding 5 mg·L−1 Zn2+ caused 100% degradation rate at pH = 7 after HT for 60 min. Six degradation products (DPs) with low mass-to-charge (m/z ≤ 335) were detected under acidic condition. However, only two and three DPs were observed in the samples catalyzed by Zn2+ and alkali, respectively, and penilloic acid (m/z = 309) was the main DPs under these conditions. Furthermore, no antibacterial activity to Bacillus pumilus was detected in the medium with up to 50% addition of the treated samples under acidic condition. Even though acid, alkali, and some metal ions can improve the degradation ability of penicillin, it was found that the most effective way for removing its anti-bacterial activity was under the acidic condition. Therefore, resistance residue indicates the amount of additive in the process of resource utilization, and avoids the enrichment of resistance genes.

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