Effects of administration of α-tocopherol and tocotrienols on serum lipids and liver HMG CoA reductase activity

Thor, H. T.; Ng, Tkhilava

doi:10.1080/096374800111118

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Muitos estudos em animais vêm usando altas doses de antioxidantes, mostrando ser efetivos agentes antiateroscleróticos quando dados em doses farmacológicas [11,36,18,17]. Vitaminas E e C são consideradas os mais importantes nutrientes antioxidantes, e sua deficiência está associada ao aumento de riscos de doenças coronárias [29].…”

Section: -Introduçãounclassified

Caracterização e avaliação sensorial de barra de cereais funcional de alto teor protéico e vitamínico

Freitas¹,

Moretti²

2006

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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Barras de cereais foram introduzidas há cerca de uma década como uma alternativa "saudável" de confeito, quando consumidores se mostravam mais interessados em saúde e dietas [5]. Alternativa saudável às barras de chocolate, o produto foi direcionado no Brasil inicialmente aos adeptos de esportes radicais e, com o tempo, conquistou até executivos de banco.Empresas nacionais disputam um mercado de R$ 80 milhões [3]. Atualmente, enquanto no Brasil consomem-se US$ 4 milhões de barras de cereais por ano, os Estados Unidos dão conta de US$ 2,9 bilhões, sendo que o consu- RESUMOBarras de cereais foram introduzidas no mercado há cerca de uma década como alternativa "saudável" de confeito. Concomitantemente, alimentos como a soja, ricos em vitaminas e minerais e com propriedades antioxidantes vêm recebendo grande aplicação em produtos de alegação funcional, pois previnem contra doenças cardiovasculares e crônico-degenerativas. Considerando o crescimento do segmento de barra de cereais no setor de alimentos, desenvolveu-se uma formulação de barra de cereais de alto teor protéico e vitamínico, à base de proteína de soja texturizada, gérmen de trigo e aveia, enriquecida de ácido ascórbico e acetato de α-tocoferol. As matérias-primas e a formulação final da barra de cereais foram submetidas a análises para caracterização e três formulações, variando o teor de ácido ascórbico, foram avaliadas quanto à preferência sensorial e intensidade ideal de doçura e acidez. A proteína de soja texturizada utilizada apresentou elevados teores dos oligossacarídeos rafinose e estaquiose (1,92 g/100 g e 4,66 g/100 g) e de isoflavonas totais (283,49 mg/100 g) se comparados ao grão, farinha integral e isolado protéico. A formulação final da barra de cereais apresentou 15,31% de proteína e elevado teor de vitamina E (118,0 mg/100 g) e minerais como fósforo, ferro e manganês. A formulação adicionada de 1,1 g/100 g de ácido ascórbico obteve maior preferência sensorial diferindo das demais amostras (p≤0,05). Palavras-chave: barra de cereais, proteína de soja, gérmen de trigo, preferência sensorial. SUMMARYCHARACTERIZATION AND SENSORIAL EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL CEREAL BAR. Cereal bars were introduced over a decade ago as a "healthy" alternative confectionery. Concomitantly, foods as soybean, with high vitamin and mineral levels and antioxidants properties come receiving great application in functional products, because they can prevent against chronic-degenerative illnesses of the heart. Considering the growth of the segment of cereal bars in the food sector, it was developed a formulation with high protein and vitamin levels cereal bar based on textured soy protein, wheat germ and oat, enriched with acid ascorbic and acetate of α-tocoferol. The cereal bar and its ingredients had been submitted to the analyses for characterization and three formulations, varying the content of acid ascorbic; they had also been evaluated as a sensorial preference and an ideal intensity of sweetness and acidity. The textured soy protein used presented high levels of ...

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Section: -Introduçãounclassified

Caracterização e avaliação sensorial de barra de cereais funcional de alto teor protéico e vitamínico

Freitas¹,

Moretti²

2006

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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“…Moreover, α-tocopherol has been reported to attenuate the cholesterol-lowering effect of tocotrienols through activation of the HMG-CoA reductase activity (whereas tocotrienols have a desirable inhibiting effect on its activity) [12,13]. Also α-tocopherol interferences with tocotrienol functions such as attenuation of cancer inhibition [14][15][16], exacerbation of stroke injury [17], inhibition of absorption [18], and induction of tocotrienol catabolism [19].…”

Section: Supplies For Hplcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Annatto δ-tocotrienol in Healthy Fed Subjects

Qureshi¹,

Khan²,

Saleem³

et al. 2015

J Clin Exp Cardiolog

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Background: Although, α-tocopherol is the most bioavailable form of vitamin E, but several animal and clinical studies have demonstrated tocotrienol bioavailability to various tissues. There are few reports on bioavailability of tocotrienols in humans. Most studies were carried out with mixtures of tocotrienols + tocopherols rather than pure tocotrienols. Moreover, dietary α-tocopherol interferes with the bioavailability of tocotrienols, and prevents absorption and delivery to organs and tissues.Aim: Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of annatto-based δ-tocotrienol, plasma levels of α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocotrienol and tocopherols were quantified. In addition, several cytokines and microRNAs were examined. Study design:An open-label, randomized study evaluated pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of δ-tocotrienol in 33 healthy fed subjects. All subjects (11/dose) were randomly assigned to doses of 125, 250, or 500 mg/d. Plasma samples collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 h intervals were estimated by HPLC for tocols (tocotrienols and tocopherols). Results:The present study describes the effects of δ-tocotrienol on pharmacokinetic parameters of all eight tocol isomers. Supplementation of 125, 250 and 500 mg/d doses resulted in dose-dependent increases of (a) area under concentration-time curve (AUC t0 -t10 , ng/ml) 2464, 5412, 14986; (b) maximum concentration (C max , ng/ml) 829, 1920, 3278 (P<0.001); (c) time to achieve maximum peak (T max ; h) 3, 3, 6; (d) elimination of half-life (t 1/2 h) 1.74, 1.39, 2.54; (e) time of clearance (Cl-T, h -1 ) 0.049, 0.045, 0.030; (f) volume of distribution (Vd/f, mg/h) 0.119, 0.114, 0.113; and (g) elimination rate constant (Ke; h -1 ) 0.412, 0.401, 0.265. Similar results were reported for the other tocols. Maximum plasma levels of δ-tocotrienol were observed at 3 h with doses of 125 and 250 mg/d, and 6 h with 500 mg/d. γ-tocotrienol, β-tocotrienol, α-tocotrienol, δ-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol β-tocopherol and α-tocopherol were appeared in the plasma after 2 h. Moreover, δ-tocotrienol treatment resulted in down-regulation of eight cytokines and upregulation of adiponectin, TGF-β1, and leptin. The expression of miR-34a (increased in bipolar disorder) was down-regulated, but expression of miR-107, miR-122a, and miR-132 (decreased in Alzheimer's disease) was upregulated by δ-tocotrienol treatment.Conclusion: This is the first study describing the effect of δ-tocotrienol on pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of all eight tocol isomers. When tocotrienols are supplemented in absence of tocopherols, δ-tocotrienol has better bioavailability, and δ-tocotrienol is converted stepwise to other tocotrienols/tocopherols. These results support that tocotrienol, particularly δ-tocotrienol, as a dietary supplement might be useful in the prevention of age-related and chronic ailments. Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Annatto δ-tocotrienol in Healthy Fed Subjects IntroductionSeveral studies have reported the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hypocholesterolemic and neuroprotec...

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“…There are several mechanisms that demonstrate how vitamin E can lower cholesterol levels. This includes the role of vitamin E as an antioxidant that inhibits the oxidation of cholesterol [61] and the activity of liver enzyme, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA-R) [150], which is critical in the cholesterol synthesis rate [151].…”

Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

By-products of Rice Processing: An Overview of Health Benefits and Applications

Esa¹,

Ling²

2016

J Rice Res

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Our study was centred on the increasing literature associated with rice by-products and main components, especially those intended to combat cancer, improve plasma lipid levels or control the blood glucose levels. Rice byproducts, such as rice straw, rice husks, rice bran, rice germ and broken rice, are extensively abundant agricultural wastes from the rice industry, and the percentage of their production depends on the milling rate and type of rice. Among all rice by-products, rice bran has been extensively studied.It contains phytochemicals such as γ-oryzanol, vitamin E, mainly tocotrienols and dietary fibre. This paper reviews the existing literature on the potential role of rice by-products, focusing not only on the role of rice bran but also on the roles of other rice by-products, such as rice germ and rice husk, in the management of the diseases, investigating their various potential uses in the food industry and all possible properties that may contribute to these effects.

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Effects of administration of α-tocopherol and tocotrienols on serum lipids and liver HMG CoA reductase activity

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Caracterização e avaliação sensorial de barra de cereais funcional de alto teor protéico e vitamínico

Caracterização e avaliação sensorial de barra de cereais funcional de alto teor protéico e vitamínico

Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Annatto δ-tocotrienol in Healthy Fed Subjects

By-products of Rice Processing: An Overview of Health Benefits and Applications

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