Effects of aerobic and resistance training combined with fortified milk on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Osuka, Yosuke; Fujita, Satoshi; Kitano, Naruki; Kosaki, Keisei; Seol, Jaehoon; Sawano, Yuriko; Shi, Hong; Fujii, Yuya; Maeda, Seiji; Okura, Tomohiro; Kobayashi, Hisamine; Tanaka, Kiyoji

doi:10.1007/s12603-016-0864-1

Cited by 15 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…After the interven- tion, weight, body mass index, heart rate, brachial and ankle blood pressure, and ankle-brachial index were not significantly changed in each group. However, it was previously reported 13) that muscle strength and physical performance were significantly improved in both groups (data not shown). Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…From the viewpoint of the promotion of muscle mass and strength, aerobic exercise before resistance training may be more effective because it is likely to stimulate muscle protein synthesis-dependent on vasodilation 18,19) . The beneficial effects of aerobic exercise before resistance training on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults has been previously reported 13) . However, previous studies regarding vascular health have demonstrated that aerobic exercise after resistance training might have more effect on arterial stiffness 11,12) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…A total of 167 persons were assessed for eligibility to participate, and 111 of them were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria. A full description of the screening results was published previously 13) . Although a total of 56 participants were enrolled at the baseline, two participants dropped out of the study during the intervention periods because of medical reasons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently reported the favorable effects of aerobic exercise before resistance training combined with fortified milk consumption on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults 13) . As secondary analysis, therefore, the purpose of this study was to further examine the effect of aerobic exercise before resistance training on aortic arterial stiffness in older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of resistance training combined with aerobic exercise on aortic arterial stiffness in older adults: a secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial

Kosaki

Osuka

Tanaka

et al. 2019

JPFSM

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Aerobic exercise prior to resistance training is likely to have a preventive effect on arterial stiffening caused by resistance training alone. The purpose of this study was to examine, as secondary analysis, the effect of aerobic exercise before resistance training on aortic arterial stiffness in older adults. A total of 56 participants were randomized to resistance training (RT) group (n = 28) or aerobic exercise (AE) + RT group (n = 28). All participants attended a supervised exercise training program (RT or AE + RT) twice a week for 12 weeks and were given fortified milk. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by pulse wave velocity (PWV) between carotid and femoral regions (e.g., aorta) and between femoral and ankle regions (e.g., leg). There was no significant difference between the two groups at all baseline measurements. After the intervention, although there was no significant interaction, carotid-femoral PWV was significantly increased only in the RT group (1032 ± 35 vs. 1072 ± 33 cm/sec, P < 0.05). Femoralankle PWV was not significantly changed in either group. Our findings reveal that resistance training significantly increases aortic arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral PWV); however, aerobic exercise before resistance training attenuates the aortic arterial stiffening in older adults. These results suggest that aerobic exercise before resistance training is likely to prevent the unfavorable effects of resistance training on vascular health in older adults.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of resistance training combined with aerobic exercise on aortic arterial stiffness in older adults: a secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial

Kosaki

Osuka

Tanaka

et al. 2019

JPFSM

Self Cite

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“…Thus, plenty of evidence seek to bring strategies to minimize the effects associated with biological aging. 5,6 In an attempt to delay or mitigate these changes, physical training has been cited as a fundamental strategy to maintain functional capacity. 7 Aerobic training is an excellent strategy for the cardiovascular adaptations, since, over time, blood vessels lose elasticity, capillary diameter, and endothelial function, and also present a reduced blood capillaries/muscle fiber ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone is Key to Increase the Muscle Capillary Density of Old and Trained Rats

Neto

Silva

et al. 2019

J Morphol Sci

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Introduction It is indicated that aging reduces muscular vascularity. Thus, strategies that aim to reverse or decrease the progression of these changes are suggested. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the blood capillary density of the plantaris muscle (PL) of aged rats submitted to strength training and exogenous testosterone use. Methods A total of 30 rats were divided equally into the following groups: EA: 20 months old; OLD: 24 months old; OLD + S: testosterone; ST: strength training; and ST + S: strength training + testosterone. Strength training was performed 3 times a week for 15 weeks. Testosterone administration was performed by the intraperitoneal method 2 times a week at a dose of 10mg/kg. All of the morphological parameters were analyzed using morphoquantitative techniques. Results A significant increase in the capillaries numerical density of the OLD + S and ST + S groups. The OLD + S and ST + S groups demonstrated a higher ratio of capillaries per myofiber than the EA, OLD and ST groups. The OLD and ST groups had a higher ratio than the EA group. The OLD + S, ST and ST + S groups presented a statistically significant increase in the cross-sectional area in the type I fibers when compared with the EA and OLD groups. However, the ST group showed a significant increase compared with the OLD group. In type II fibers, the ST and ST + S groups showed a greater cross-sectional area than the EA group. As for the mean cross-sectional area, the ST and ST + S groups presented significantly larger areas than the other groups. Conclusion Anabolic steroid administration is crucial to increase the blood capillary density of the plantaris muscle of old rats, independently of the effects of strength training.

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Treatment of sarcopenia: the road to the future

Morley

2018

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Effects of aerobic and resistance training combined with fortified milk on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of resistance training combined with aerobic exercise on aortic arterial stiffness in older adults: a secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial

Effect of resistance training combined with aerobic exercise on aortic arterial stiffness in older adults: a secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial

Testosterone is Key to Increase the Muscle Capillary Density of Old and Trained Rats

Treatment of sarcopenia: the road to the future

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