Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training on Hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub>Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Church, Timothy S.; Blair, Steven N.; Cocreham, Shannon; Johannsen, Neil M.; Johnson, William D.; Kramer, Kimberly; Mikus, Catherine R.; Myers, Valerie H.; Nauta, Melissa; Rodarte, Ruben Q.; Sparks, Lauren M.; Thompson, Angela; Earnest, Conrad P.

doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1710

Cited by 802 publications

(719 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…19 Previous studies have found that low physical activity contributes to risk of prediabetes or Type 2 diabetes. [20][21][22] However, these have focused almost exclusively on overweight/obese populations. This is one of the first studies that looks at diabetes prevalence and physical activity in the healthy weight population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Mainous

Tanner

Anton

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Mainous

Tanner

Anton

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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“…Strengths of this study are that it was multicentre, thus less dependent on local factors, and of larger size and longer duration than other exercise intervention trials in patients with type 2 diabetes [24][25][26][27], including those assessing QoL and well-being measures [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of exercise volume to improvements of quality of life with supervised exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial: the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES)

et al. 2012

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Aims/hypothesis A positive impact of exercise intervention programmes on quality of life (QoL) may be important for long-term patient compliance to exercise recommendations. We have previously shown that QoL improves significantly with supervised exercise, whereas it worsens with counselling alone, in patients with type 2 diabetes from the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES). Here, we report data on the relationship between changes in QoL and volume of physical activity/exercise in these individuals.Methods This multicentre parallel randomised controlled, open-label, trial enrolled sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes (n0606 of 691 eligible) in 22 outpatient diabetes clinics. Patients were randomised by centre, age and diabetes treatment using a permuted-block design to twice-a-week supervised aerobic and resistance training plus exercise counselling (exercise group) versus counselling alone (control group) for

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“…A recent study reported that a combination of low-volume/vigorous-intensity combined aerobic and resistance training was the most favourable in terms of improvement in insulin sensitivity in overweight adults [33]. Combined aerobic and resistance training is most beneficial for glucose homeostasis in individuals with type 2 diabetes [4,44], yet some of these individuals are still classified as non-responders even to combined training [32]. By changing training modalities, significantly greater clinical benefits can potentially be obtained in terms of muscle quality, glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Can Individual Responses To Exercise Be Overcome By Differenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a cohort of 161 individuals with type 2 diabetes who underwent 9 months of supervised exercise training [4], 43% showed no improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness and were deemed 'fitness non-responders'; however, both fitness nonresponders and fitness responders showed significant improvements in HbA 1c , waist circumference and body-fat per cent [5]. Therefore, it was not necessary to improve cardiorespiratory fitness to improve glycaemic control, which is arguably a more important outcome in a population with type 2 diabetes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Exercise training response heterogeneity: physiological and molecular insights

2017

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The overall beneficial effects of exercise are well studied, but why some people do not respond favourably to exercise is less understood. The National Institutes of Health Common Fund has recently launched the large-scale discovery project 'Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity in Humans' to examine the physiological and molecular (i.e. genetic, epigenetic, lipidomic, metabolomic, proteomic, etc.) responses to exercise training. A nationwide, multicentre clinical trial such as this one also provides a unique opportunity to robustly investigate the non-response to exercise in thousands of individuals that have undergone supervised aerobic-and resistance-based exercise training interventions. The term 'non-responder' is used here to address the lack of a response (to an exercise intervention) in an outcome specified a priori. Cardiorespiratory fitness (V O 2peak ) as an exercise response variable was recently reviewed; thus, this review focuses on metabolic aspects of the non-response to exercise training. Integrated -omics platforms are discussed as an approach to disentangle the complicated relationships between endogenous and exogenous factors that drive the lack of a response to exercise in some individuals. Harnessing the power of combined -omics platforms with deep clinical phenotyping of human study participants will advance the field of exercise metabolism and shift the paradigm, allowing exercise interventions to be targeted at those most likely to benefit and identifying novel approaches to treat those who do not. What is a non-response?From a statistical perspective, a non-response is the lack of a difference between a control and a treatment condition with respect to a specific variable. A physiological non-response, however, is likely driven by genetic code and the mechanisms by which it is transcribed, translated and post-translationally modified. Drug resistance is an archetype of non-response that links physiology with genetics. For example, some individuals are 'rapid' or 'slow' metabolisers of a prescribed drug based solely on their genetic predispositions, and simple DNA tests can now identify these at-risk populations (reviewed in [1]). Combination drug therapy for initial non-response, acquired resistance or adverse response is usually the next course of action; therefore, tailoring treatment to the genetic code is a viable strategy for some diseases and conditions. Response heterogeneity is not unique to pharmaceutical therapies; lifestyle interventions, such as dietary weight loss and exercise, have also been linked to physiological, genetic and epigenetic factors. Differences in energy efficiency are important physiological regulators of body weight and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-017-4461-6) contains a slide of the figure for download, which is available to authorised users. * Lauren M. Sparks

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Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training on Hemoglobin A_1cLevels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Cited by 802 publications

References 18 publications

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Relationship of exercise volume to improvements of quality of life with supervised exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial: the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES)

Exercise training response heterogeneity: physiological and molecular insights

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Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training on Hemoglobin A1cLevels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Cited by 802 publications

References 18 publications

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Relationship of exercise volume to improvements of quality of life with supervised exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial: the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES)

Exercise training response heterogeneity: physiological and molecular insights

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Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training on Hemoglobin A_1cLevels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes