Effects of Age and Respiratory Efforts on the Perception of Resistive Ventilatory Loads

Altose, Murray D.; Leitner, Janice; Cherniack, Neil S.

doi:10.1093/geronj/40.2.147

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Tack et al [24] and Altose et al [25] observed an im paired perception of the resistive loads with age. This result was obtained with an important difference in age, the younger group was between 18 and 30 years of age and the older group was made up of subjects 60 years of age and older.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suprathreshold Resistive Load Perception in Normal and Asthmatic Subjects

Volgo-Mathiot

Bonnel²

1991

Respiration

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The perception of external suprathreshold loads (2.5–44 cm H₂O 1^-1 s) was determined in 5 normal and 16 asthmatic subjects in order to (1) study the role of the wording given to the subject for rating the inspiratory loads, either ‘intensity’ or breathing ‘discomfort’, and (2) compare the sensation to low (2.5–8 cm H₂O 1^-1 s) and to high (17–44 cm H₂O 1^-1 s) loads. Normal subjects exhibited accurate rating of the loads regardless of the wording; high loads were estimated as more severe than the low ones, in spite of a long time interval between the two experiments. They were able to discriminate between each pair of loads. On the contrary, asthmatics with chronic airway obstruction demonstrated a poor perception in all experimental conditions. The physiological variables of breathing pattern and mouth pressure were modified in the same manner in the two populations and could not account for the differences in perception. In conclusion, the differences in sensitivity observed between normal and asthmatic subjects were verified for suprathreshold load perception whatever the wording and the level of the loads. Therefore, for this kind of experimental study, it is not useful to study the full scale of the loads. Furthermore, the present methodological approach provides an additional support to the assumption that the asthmatics’ poor sensitivity is related to psychological factors such as past experience of loaded breathing

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suprathreshold Resistive Load Perception in Normal and Asthmatic Subjects

Volgo-Mathiot

Bonnel²

1991

Respiration

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“…For example, receptors in the extrathoracic airways respond to changes in bothnegative (i.e., inspiratory) and positive (i.e., expiratory) pressures (Sant'Ambrogio, 1982). The major implication of our results concerns the nature of the sensory attribute used by subjects in making judgments in respiratory tasks: Although in the past a variety of instructions have been used in such tasks (e.g., Altose, Leitner, & Cherniack, 1985, instructed subjects to judge resistance rather than force used to overcome resistive loads; Killian et al, 1984, instructed subjects to judge, separately, tension and effort during elastic loading), subjects may experience variations in respiratory sensations along a single perceptual dimension. This dimension (i.e., degree or magnitude of external loading) may provide the framework for organizing various breathing sensations on the basis only of the load opposing the respiratory system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Grouping and multidimensional organization of respiratory sensations

Harver

Balrd

McGovern

et al. 1988

Perception & Psychophysics

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Agreement has not emerged either on the sensory attributes that underlie psychophysical decisions in respiratory magnitude scaling tasks or on the physical stimuli giving rise to human judgments. Accordingly, sensory attributes of respiratory sensations were explored in the present study by adopting scaling techniques designed to help uncover the organization of sensory experiences elicited by various breathing maneuvers. Physical stimulus characteristics underlying human judgments were also considered. Subjects rated the dissimilarity between 45 pairs of breathing maneuvers on a scale ranging from 0 ("no difference at all") to 10 ("very much difference"). Cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling were employed to uncover the perceived grouping among different types of maneuvers and the relative organization of maneuvers in a Euclidean space. Dissimilarity judgments varied primarily as a function of a single attribute, degree or magnitude of external loading, ranging from an infinite respiratory load to no load at all. This continuum may depend on interactions among pressure or tension, airflow, and lung volume displacement. A secondary attribute may relate to airflow direction (inspiration or expiration).

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“…Studies testing age-effects on the perception of breathing effort found that older asthma patients as well as older healthy individuals have higher detection thresholds for external respiratory loads (inducing respiratory effort) than younger healthy individuals and asthma patients (Allen et al, 2009;Altose et al, 1985;Tack et al, 1981;1982;1983). Moreover, older asthma patients report less obstruction and less chest tightness in response to methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction (Connolly et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%