Effects of Age, Diet CP, NDF, EE, and Starch on the Rumen Bacteria Community and Function in Dairy Cattle

Abstract

To understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, forty-eight dairy cattle at 1.5 (M1.5), 6 (M6), 9 (M9), 18 (M18), 23 (M23), and 27 (M27) months old were selected. Rumen fermentation profile, enzyme activity, and bacteria community in rumen fluid were measured. The acetate to propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 was higher than other ages, and M6 was the lowest (p < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) at M23 and M27 was higher than at other ages (p < 0.05). The urease at M18 was lower than at M1.5, M6, and M9, and the xylanase at M18 was higher than at M1.5, M23, and M27 (p < 0.05). Thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers of the different groups based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) when the LDA score >4. The variation partitioning approach analysis showed that the age and diet had a 7.98 and 32.49% contribution to the rumen bacteria community variation, respectively. The richness of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter were positive correlated with age (r > 0.60, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with TVFA and acetate (r > 0.50, p < 0.01). The Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans has a positive correlation (r > 0.80, p < 0.05) with diet fiber and a negative correlation (r < −0.80, p < 0.05) with diet protein and starch, which were also positively correlated with the acetate and A/P (r > 0.50, p < 0.01). The genera of Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans could be worked as the target bacteria to modulate the rumen fermentation by diet; meanwhile, the high age correlated bacteria such as Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter also should be considered when shaping the rumen function.

Supplemental dietary Selenohomolanthionine affects growth and rumen bacterial population of Shaanbei white cashmere wether goats

“…In terms of relative abundance, the propionate-producing bacteria Succinivibrionaceae UCG-002 is an crucial member of the family Succinivibrionaceae, which compete with methanogens to produce succinate and propionate instead of methane using hydrogen as a substrate, thereby reducing methane emissions and improving feed energy utilization ( Pope et al, 2011 ; Danielsson et al, 2017 ). Previous researches found that the Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 has a positive correlation with rumen TVFA and acetate production in dairy cattle ( Hao et al, 2021 ) or feed efficiency in sheep ( Zhang et al, 2021 ). In our trial, the relative abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 in the SeHLan added groups was significantly higher than control group, and the LSE and MSE groups had the highest abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 , while the CG and HSE groups had the lowest abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 .…”

Comparison of rumen bacterial communities between yaks (Bos grunniens) and Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus) fed a low protein diet with different energy levels

“…In the present study, Pseudobutyrivibrio was correlated positively with the molar proportion of acetate and negatively with total VFAs concentration, which is in accordance with the reports that this bacterium is cellulotytic ( Poonko et al, 2015 ). Therefore, it was correlated positively with dietary fiber content and negatively with dietary protein and starch ( Hao et al, 2021 ). The reason for the negative correlation of Prevotella , Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 , and Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 with total VFAs concentration is not clear.…”

Characterization of the Bacterial Community of Rumen in Dairy Cows with Laminitis

“…Evidence shows that Candidatus_Saccharimonas was positively correlated with ruminal propionate concentrations in dairy cows [ 30 ]. Saccharofermentans belongs to the Bacteroidetes phylum and participates in hemicellulose, pectin, arabinogalactan, starch, fructan, and chitin degradation [ 31 ]. In addition, this study showed that Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-009 was positively associated with the production of butyrate [ 32 ].…”