Effects of ageing and hormonal manipulations on the level of oestrogen receptors in the guinea-pig prostate

Tilley, Wayne D.; Horsfall, Debbie; McGee, Margaret A.; Alderman, Joseph; Marshall, Villis R.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1120139

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Previously, we have shown that guinea pig prostate estrogen receptor levels decrease more than threefold during pubertal development [8]. This decrease was observed irrespective of whether the binding was expressed relative to cytosolic protein or cellular DNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Male guinea pigs (IMVS coloured; outbred strain) were purchased from the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Sciences (Adelaide, Australia) and maintained on a standard diet under conditions of regular lighting and constant temperature for at least 1 week prior to use. Animals were classified as prepubertal (body weight <230 g), pubertal (230-500 g), postpubertal (501-800 g), or mature (>go0 g) as previously described [8]. Castration was performed under nembutal anesthesia (25 pgikg).…”

Section: Animals and Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of pubertal development on estrogen receptor levels and stromal morphology in the guinea pig prostate

et al. 1989

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Using an immunocytochemical assay (ERICA) with a monoclonal antibody (H222Sp gamma) to the human estrogen receptor, we have demonstrated a stromal localization of the estrogen receptor in the dorsolateral prostate of the guinea pig. Specific staining of estrogen receptor in the guinea pig prostate was confined to the nuclei of periacinar and interacinar stromal cells. In comparison with prepubertal tissues, estrogen receptor staining intensity was markedly reduced in postpubertal prostatic tissues. No immunoreactive estrogen receptor was detected in the acinar epithelial cells irrespective of the developmental stage of the guinea pig prostate. Electron microscopic examination of the guinea pig prostate showed that the stromal component consists predominantly of smooth muscle cells, which, during pubertal development, undergo marked cytological changes and increase in size. These changes in the prostatic stroma were associated with a greater than fivefold reduction in levels of cytosolic and nuclear estrogen receptor determined by either a radioligand binding assay or an enzyme immunoassay (EREIA) and expressed relative to soluble protein. Morphometric analysis of the prostatic stromal cell density (SCD: nuclei/mm2 interacinar stroma), which is inversely proportional to stromal cell size, indicated that the SCD decreased approximately threefold during pubertal development. Furthermore, cytosolic estrogen receptor levels in mechanically separated prostatic stromal fractions were found to vary concordantly with the SCD during pubertal development. To determine whether estrogen influences normal development of the guinea pig prostate, the effect of various hormonal manipulations on stromal development was examined. Castration of prepubertal animals prevented the threefold decrease in SCD that is characteristic of pubertal development. Treatment of prepubertal castrates with estradiol and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in combination over a period equivalent to the transpubertal growth phase resulted in a stromal cell density similar to that seen in prostatic sections from intact postpubertal animals. In contrast, treatment of prepubertal castrates with either estradiol or DHT alone resulted in a prostatic stromal cell density intermediate between that observed in intact prepubertal and postpubertal animals. These findings suggest that both estrogen and androgen are required for the normal development of the guinea pig prostatic stroma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Animals and Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pubertal development on estrogen receptor levels and stromal morphology in the guinea pig prostate

et al. 1989

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“…Oestrogens have been shown to promote BDNF synthesis in many brain regions (Sohrabji et al 1995;Gibbs 1998;Jazierski and Sohrabji 2000;Liu et al 2001;Solum and Handa 2002) and in the uterus (Krizsan-Agbas et al 2003). In addition, castration has been demonstrated to induce an increase of oestrogen receptor levels in the fibromuscular stroma of prostate and vesicular gland (Tilley et al 1987;Bodker et al 1994;Yuasa et al 1997;West et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of castration on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the vas deferens and male accessory genital glands of the rat

et al. 2005

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a growth factor belonging to the family of neurotrophins. Although neurotrophins in the male genital organs have been well documented, their role in the biology of these organs is far from clear. In particular, little is known about the influence of sex hormones on neurotrophin expression. In the present study, using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we investigated the distribution and tissue concentration of BDNF in the vas deferens and accessory male genital glands in normal and castrated rats. The expression of BDNF mRNA was also investigated. In normal rats, BDNF immunoreactivity was localized in the musculature of the vas deferens and vesicular gland and in the fibromuscular stromal cells of the prostate. In the ventral prostatic lobes, BDNF immunoreactivity was localized in basal, secretory and neuroendocrine epithelial cells. Innervating ganglia and nerves were immunoreactive in all the examined tracts. After castration, BDNF immunoreactivity increased in the musculature of the vesicular gland and in the fibromuscular stromal cells of both dorsal and ventral prostatic lobes. BDNF immunoreactivity also increased in the nerves. ELISA and reverse transcription/real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed the findings of the immunohistochemical study. In the accessory glands, castration induced an increase of both BDNF tissue concentration and mRNA expression. These results suggest that BDNF is expressed in the internal male genital organs of the rat and that its expression is downregulated by androgen hormones. We hypothesize that the observed BDNF increases are related to the castration-induced regression of the sympathetic nerves.

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“…Studies in rodent prostate glands have shown a relatively high percentage of stromal cells express ERα mRNA and protein during perinatal morphogenesis and this proportion significantly declines thereafter suggesting a specific role for ERα in prostate development [73,75,76]. A decline in expression with puberty suggests that androgens may normally suppress ERα expression, a finding that has been borne out in direct studies [77,78]. In humans, ERα has been consistently observed in stromal cells during fetal development [79].…”

Section: Erαmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of estrogens and estrogen receptors in normal prostate growth and disease

2008

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Keywordsprostate; prostate cancer; estrogens; estradiol; estrogen receptor Estrogens have significant direct and indirect effects on prostate gland development and homeostasis and have been long suspected in playing a role in the etiology of prostatic diseases. Direct effects are mediated through prostatic estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) with expression levels changing over time and with disease progression. The present review examines the evidence for a role of estrogens and specific estrogen receptors in prostate growth, differentiation and disease states including prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and cancer and discusses potential therapeutic strategies for growth regulation via these pathways. Estrogens in the Male and Effects on the Prostate GlandWhile low levels of circulating estrogens are present throughout life in males, there are two time periods, during in utero development and aging, when males are exposed to relatively higher levels of circulating estradiol which have been shown to impact the prostate gland. In addition, estrogens may be produced locally within the prostate via conversion of testosterone to 17β-estradiol by aromatase expressed within the prostate stroma [1,2], thus estrogen action in the prostate may occur independent of serum levels of this steroid.During the third trimester of in utero development in humans, rising maternal estradiol and declining fetal androgen production result in an elevated estrogen/testosterone (E/T) ratio. This relative increase in estradiol has been shown to directly stimulate extensive squamous metaplasia within the developing prostatic epithelium which regresses immediately after birth when estrogen levels rapidly decline [3,4]. Although the natural role for estrogens during prostatic development is unclear, it has been proposed that excessive estrogenization during prostatic development may contribute to the high incidence of BPH and prostatic carcinoma currently observed in the aging male population [5]. African-American men have a two-fold increased risk of prostatic carcinoma as compared to their Caucasian counterparts and it has been suggested that this is related, in part, to elevated levels of maternal estrogens during early gestation in this population [6,7]. Indicators of pregnancy estrogen levels such as length of Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers

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Effects of ageing and hormonal manipulations on the level of oestrogen receptors in the guinea-pig prostate

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of pubertal development on estrogen receptor levels and stromal morphology in the guinea pig prostate

Effect of pubertal development on estrogen receptor levels and stromal morphology in the guinea pig prostate

Effects of castration on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the vas deferens and male accessory genital glands of the rat

The role of estrogens and estrogen receptors in normal prostate growth and disease

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