Effects of aging and environment on the pyriform cortex, the occipital cortex, and the hippocampus

Diamond, Marian C.; Johnson, Ruth E.; Mizono, Gary S.; Ip, Stanley; Lee, Chong L.; Wells, Marcella A.

doi:10.1016/s0091-6773(77)90887-2

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These results concur with other studies that demonstrated a volume reduction of the human parahippocampal formation as well as a slight increase followed by a linear decrease of the hippocampal volume with aging (Bhatia et al, 1993;Carroll et al, 2011;Mu et al, 1999;Scahill et al, 2003). However, our results contradict Diamond and co-authors that detected an increase in the thickness of the hippocampus between 41 and 650 days in rats (Diamond et al, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characterization of age-associated changes in peripheral organ and brain region weights in C57BL/6 mice

Lessard‐Beaudoin

Laroche

Demers

et al. 2015

Experimental Gerontology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characterization of age-associated changes in peripheral organ and brain region weights in C57BL/6 mice

Lessard‐Beaudoin

Laroche

Demers

et al. 2015

Experimental Gerontology

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“…There were somewhat smaller increases in the length and width of the hemispheres than in weight, while, as shown previously (Diamond, Johnson, Mizono, Ip, Lee, & Wells, 1977), the thickness of the occipital cortex decreased significantly during that time. The area of the cortex sampled did not change significantly with Age, but there were significant increases in the size of the underlying hippocampal region.…”

Section: Effects Of Agesupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Every parameter, except cortical thickness and area, increased significantly from 2 to 6 months of age. As reported previously, the thickness of the cortex decreases with age in rats (Diamond et al, 1977). Thus, the argument has been made that environmental enrichment, which increases cortical thickness, does not merely accelerate development (Rosen~weig, Bennett, & Diamond, 1972).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

The separate and combined effects of early undernutrition and environmental complexity at different ages on cerebral measures in rats

Katz

Davies

1983

Developmental Psychobiology

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Rats were either undernourished or fed normally during the suckling period, then at 1 and 5 months of age littermates were housed in enriched or impoverished environments for 30 days. The undernutrition caused lasting reductions in the weight and size of the cerebrum and in parameters of the hippocampus, but significant deficits were not observed in the thickness and area of the occipital cortex. Differential housing differed from early undernutrition in that its largest effects were on cortical parameters, but the effects of the two conditions did partly overlap. This meant that some nutritionally induced deficits could be modified later by manipulating environmental complexity. The cerebral response of the previously undernourished rats to differential environments was not distinguishable from that of well-fed controls on the basis of the gross anatomical changes that were measured. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between the environmental effects in young and mature rats, although the latter's response tended to be somewhat less for most parameters.

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The neuropsychology of development: Hemispheric laterality, limbic language, and the origin of thought

Joseph

1982

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Discussed evidence and assumptions that concern hemispheric laterality and asymmetrical functional representation. It is hypothesized that the asymmetrical linguistic‐motor vs. sensory‐spatial‐affective representation of function may be a result of differential rates of cortical, subcortical and spinal motor‐sensory maturation. Evidence with regard to embryological and early postnatal neurological development is reviewed. It is argued that motor areas mature before sensory and that the left hemisphere develops prior to the right, such that the left hemisphere gains a competitive advantage in the acquisition of motor representation, whereas the later maturing right has an advantage in the establishment of sensory‐affective synaptic representation, including that of limbic mediation. The influences of these differing maturational events on cognitive and psychic functioning are examined, particularly with regard to limbic influences on the development of language, thought, and mental imagery, and the effects of early emotional experience on later behavior. Thinking is viewed in part as a left hemisphere internalization of egocentric language, the internalization of which corresponds to the increasing maturation of intra‐cortical and subcortical structures and fiber pathways, and the myelination of the callosal connections that subserve information transfer between the hemispheres. It is argued that thought is a means of organizing, interpreting, and explaining impulses that arise in the non‐linguistic portions of the nervous system so that the language dependent regions may achieve understanding. In addition, the neurodynamics and mechanisms involved in the mislabeling, misinterpretation, and inhibition of impulses, desires, and emotional expression are discussed in relation to disturbances in psychic functioning.

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Effects of aging and environment on the pyriform cortex, the occipital cortex, and the hippocampus

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Characterization of age-associated changes in peripheral organ and brain region weights in C57BL/6 mice

Characterization of age-associated changes in peripheral organ and brain region weights in C57BL/6 mice

The separate and combined effects of early undernutrition and environmental complexity at different ages on cerebral measures in rats

The neuropsychology of development: Hemispheric laterality, limbic language, and the origin of thought

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