Effects of aging time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of laser-cladded 18Ni300 maraging steel

Zhu, Hongmei; Zhang, J. W.; Hu, Jipeng; Ouyang, Mengna; Qiu, Chao

doi:10.1007/s10853-021-05841-1

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These EDS analyses reveal the presence of some titanium compound particles, yellow-coloured spots, with the possibility of being complex oxides or carbides, as confirmed by local EDS analysis. Some researchers reported the formation of titanium nitride [ 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These values are not as big as the size of intercellular spacing reported by other authors due to the processing conditions such as the energy of deposition, overlapping, etc. [ 29 , 34 ]. Regarding the microstructure illustrated in Figure 10 d, it is composed of three distinct layers as seen in Figure 2 d, the microstructure presents three different contrasts influenced by the dilution effect and the variation of concentrations in the chemical composition of the consecutive layers, as presented by linear analysis in Figure 3 d.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maraging 18Ni300 alloy processed by the DED process usually demonstrates a cellular microstructure consisting of packets of lath martensite [ 29 ]. The martensitic transformation from the primary austenite phase occurs by a shear deformation during the cooling stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the presence of the austenite phase seen in Figure 13 b, the heat accumulated from previous deposition layers could provoke the reversion of the small proportion of matrix, martensite, to austenite that occurs as the most common phenomenon in the aging treatment during the cooling process [ 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Deposited 18Ni300 Alloy Powder on 1045 Steel: Effect of Passes and Preheating on Microstructure

et al. 2022

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The application of maraging steels such as 18Ni300 alloy is noteworthy for mould industries, applying repair purposes through direct energy deposition process. This objective requires microstructural characterizations and the evaluation of mechanical behaviour such as hardness. The state of substrate material, including the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the interface between the HAZ and deposited layer, is essential, the formation of hard phases and abrupt transitions. Thus, the influence of the number of deposited layers or the pre-heating condition appears noteworthy. In the current study, microscopy observations did not reveal the presence of any crack in the cross-sections of deposited 18Ni300 alloy powder on AISI 1045 sheet steel; however, pores were observed in deposited layers. Besides, microscopic analyses revealed the achievement of a smooth HAZ in the deposited layers composed of three-layered depositions or that received preheating, confirmed by hardness measurements as well. Dilution effect ensured a metallurgical bonding between depositions and substrate, strongly affected by preheating. The HAZ microstructure, mainly martensitic transformation, distribution of chemical composition, epitaxial growth at the interface, and the size of crystals and grains were affected by preheating or the number of layers. Moreover, the heat propagation and/or dissipation across the deposited layers influenced the dendrite morphology and the texture of grains. The preheating condition provoked the formation of cellular/equiaxed dendrites that was highlighted in the three-layered deposition, increase in dendrite interspace growth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Laser Deposited 18Ni300 Alloy Powder on 1045 Steel: Effect of Passes and Preheating on Microstructure

et al. 2022

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“…Maraging steels are also used in the aerospace and molds industries due to their good properties of high strength, high toughness, resistance to crack propagation and good weldability [2,3]. The characteristic tooling inserts of the molds industry could have cooling channels and components with high geometrical complexity that enable the use of LPBF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Deposition Plane Angle and Saline Corrosion on Fatigue Crack Growth in Maraging Steel Components Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Fernandes

Jesús

Borrego

et al. 2022

Metals

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Maraging steels are used in several industries, namely in the molds industry. The determination of fatigue crack propagation resistance in 18Ni300 maraging steel at the Paris regime is a vital issue for safety-relevant components, which are designed to work for a large number of loading cycles before periodic inspections. The main goal of this work is to analyze the influence of the deposition plane angle and saline corrosion on fatigue crack growth in maraging steel samples produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). The crack closure parameter was used in order to analyze the different fatigue crack growth behaviors, as well as the metallographic, hardness, fractography and corrosion/oxidation analysis. From this work, the main achievement was that the deposition plane angle did not reveal a notable influence in the fatigue crack growth behavior for the fatigue tests unsubmitted to saline corrosion. On the other hand, the fatigue crack growth behavior for the tests under saline corrosion showed an increase in the crack closure parameter due to the appearance of the crack closure induced by oxides, which reduced the fatigue crack growth speed. This phenomenon depends on the deposition plane angle, which controls the martensite amount and consequently controls the level of corrosion/oxidation.

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Conventionally and SLM-manufactured 18Ni300 steel: mechanical and tribological behaviour in dry sliding against PP40 composite

Ferreira

Miranda

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The high mechanical performance of 18Ni300 maraging steel, achieved during ageing treatment by precipitation of fine intermetallic precipitates within a martensitic matrix, makes this material a good choice for demanding applications such as injection moulds for the automotive industry. Its ease of manufacturing by selective laser melting (SLM) allows parts with a higher degree of complexity as well as the possibility of custom product design. Nevertheless, a comprehensive analysis of the performance of the manufactured parts is important to understand the differences between components manufactured by SLM and those produced by conventional methods.In this work, the mechanical performance of a maraging steel 18Ni300 manufactured by SLM was compared with that of a commercial cast steel 18Ni300, as well as their tribological performance during dry sliding against a glass fibre polymer composite (PP40).The results show that the steel as manufactured by SLM and aged at 510 ºC for six hours has higher hardness and better mechanical properties than the cast steel. Dry sliding wear tests of the aged steels against a polypropylene matrix composite reinforced with 40 wt% E-glass fibres showed a 33% lower specific wear rate for the steel manufactured by SLM compared to the cast steel. These results can be explained by the refined microstructure resulting from the rapid cooling during the SLM process. Different wear mechanisms were found: abrasion was the predominant mechanism for the steel manufactured by the SLM process, while abrasion and adhesion were observed for the cast steel.

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Effects of aging time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of laser-cladded 18Ni300 maraging steel

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Laser Deposited 18Ni300 Alloy Powder on 1045 Steel: Effect of Passes and Preheating on Microstructure

Laser Deposited 18Ni300 Alloy Powder on 1045 Steel: Effect of Passes and Preheating on Microstructure

Influence of Deposition Plane Angle and Saline Corrosion on Fatigue Crack Growth in Maraging Steel Components Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Conventionally and SLM-manufactured 18Ni300 steel: mechanical and tribological behaviour in dry sliding against PP40 composite

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