Effects of agricultural land-use change and forest fire on N2O emission from tropical peatlands, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Takakai, Fumiaki; Morishita, Tomoaki; Hashidoko, Yasuyuki; Darung, Untung; Kuramochi, Kanta; Dohong, Salampak; Limin, Suwido H.; Hatano, Ryusuke

doi:10.1111/j.1747-0765.2006.00084.x

Cited by 91 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…than in oil-palm plantations (47). We are aware of only one study that found large differences in N 2 O emissions between three highly fertilized crop fields and peat forest (51). The authors found differences of 192.5, 34, and 114.5 kg of N per hectare per year, that is to say, 90.1, 15.9, and 53.6 Mg of CO 2 eq: per hectare per year.…”

Section: Land-use Dynamics and Ghg Emissions In Tropical Peatlandsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in tropical peatlands

Murdiyarso

Hergoualc’h²,

Verchot³

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

242

195

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The upcoming global mechanism for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries should include and prioritize tropical peatlands. Forested tropical peatlands in Southeast Asia are rapidly being converted into production systems by introducing perennial crops for lucrative agribusiness, such as oil-palm and pulpwood plantations, causing large greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Guidelines for GHG Inventory on Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Uses provide an adequate framework for emissions inventories in these ecosystems; however, specific emission factors are needed for more accurate and costeffective monitoring. The emissions are governed by complex biophysical processes, such as peat decomposition and compaction, nutrient availability, soil water content, and water table level, all of which are affected by management practices. We estimate that total carbon loss from converting peat swamp forests into oil palm is 59.4 AE 10.2 Mg of CO 2 per hectare per year during the first 25 y after land-use cover change, of which 61.6% arise from the peat. Of the total amount (1,486 AE 183 Mg of CO 2 per hectare over 25 y), 25% are released immediately from land-clearing fire. In order to maintain high palm-oil production, nitrogen inputs through fertilizer are needed and the magnitude of the resulting increased N 2 O emissions compared to CO 2 losses remains unclear.drainage | respiration | gain-loss approach | stock-difference approach

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Section: Land-use Dynamics and Ghg Emissions In Tropical Peatlandsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in tropical peatlands

Murdiyarso

Hergoualc’h²,

Verchot³

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

242

195

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“…However, N 2 O emission from agricultural tropical peatland is reported to be much more variable. The values have been estimated to range from À1.1 to 259 kg N ha À1 year À1 (Terry et al 1981;Inubushi et al 2003;Hadi et al 2005;Takakai et al 2006;Melling et al 2007). It is also reported N 2 O emission increased following change in land use from natural peat swamp forest to drained or burned peatland, and to agricultural peatland (Takakai et al 2006;Melling et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Nitrous oxide emission from agricultural land has been estimated to be 21.6% (3.6 Tg N year À1 ) of total global emission of N 2 O (16.2 Tg N year À1 ) (IPCC 1995). There are, however, several studies documenting N 2 O emissions not only from natural tropical peatlands, but also those under cultivation (Terry et al 1981;Inubushi et al 2003;Hadi et al 2005;Takakai et al 2006;Melling et al 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, 28% of peat swamp forest was burned in central Kalimantan in 1997 (Page et al 2002). In addition to the large-scale degradation and relatively large amount of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) release by drainage and associated peat fires (Hooijer et al 2006;Page et al 2002), cultivation in tropical peat soil has possibly led to increased nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission (Terry et al 1981;Takakai et al 2006;Couwenberg et al 2009). Increasing atmospheric N 2 O concentration appears to have been caused by human activities (IPCC 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrous oxide emission derived from soil organic matter decomposition from tropical agricultural peat soil in central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Toma

Takakai

Darung

et al. 2011

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Our previous research showed large amounts of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission (4200 kg N ha À1 year À1 ) from agricultural peat soil. In this study, we investigated the factors influencing relatively large N 2 O fluxes and the source of nitrogen (N) substrate for N 2 O in a tropical peatland in central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Using a static chamber method, N 2 O and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes were measured in three conventionally cultivated croplands (conventional), an unplanted and unfertilized bare treatment (bare) in each cropland, and unfertilized grassland over a three-year period. Based on the difference in N 2 O emission from two treatments, contribution of the N source for N 2 O was calculated. Nitrous oxide concentrations at five depths (5-80 cm) were also measured for calculating net N 2 O production in soil. Annual N fertilizer application rates in the croplands ranged from 472 to 1607 kg N ha À1 year À1. There were no significant differences in between N 2 O fluxes in the two treatments at each site. Annual N 2 O emission in conventional and bare treatments varied from 10.9 to 698 and 6.55 to 858 kg N ha À1 year À1 , respectively. However, there was also no significant difference between annual N 2 O emissions in the two treatments at each site. This suggests most of the emitted N 2 O was derived from the decomposition of peat. There were significant positive correlations between N 2 O and CO 2 fluxes in bare treatment in two croplands where N 2 O flux was higher than at another cropland. Nitrous oxide concentration distribution in soil measured in the conventional treatment showed that N 2 O was mainly produced in the surface soil down to 15 cm in the soil. The logarithmic value of the ratio of N 2 O flux and nitrate concentration was positively correlated with water filled pore space (WEPS). These results suggest that large N 2 O emission in agricultural tropical peatland was caused by denitrification with high decomposition of peat. In addition, N 2 O was mainly produced by denitrification at high range of WFPS in surface soil.

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“…This rate of annual N 2 O emission from acacia plantation soils was comparable to those from Amazon at 0.94 kg-N ha -1 (Verchot et al 1999) or 0.80 kg-N ha -1 (Palm et al 2002), but relatively low compared with those from Southern Sumatran forests at 1.47 and 1.80 kg-N ha -1 (Verchot et al 2006) and croplands in Central Kalimantan estimated at 21-259 kg-N ha -1 (Takakai 2006). Because of the spread of acacia and other leguminous tree plantations in Asia (FAO 2001), the importance of N 2 O emissions from leguminous tree stands will increase in coming decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

The effects of tannins derived from Acacia mangium bark on N2O emissions from water saturated acacia plantation soil

Matsubara

Ohta

2015

Tropics

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To evaluate the potential of tannins derived from Acacia mangium bark to mitigate soil N 2 O emissions, a laboratory incubation study was conducted. We prepared a crude tannin extract by water extraction from A. mangium bark, and fractionated the crude extract into high-and low-molecular-weight tannins (HMTs and LMTs, respectively). Soils were incubated with and without the addition of A. mangium bark tannins and commercial tannic acid after KNO 3 was added and the water-filled pore space was adjusted to 100 %. Acacia mangium bark tannins significantly decreased N 2 O emissions compared with the control. However, they did not significantly affect CO 2 emissions or inorganic N concentrations except for soils with LMTs, where cumulative CO 2 emissions were significantly decreased, and for the fact that NH 4 + contents in tannin-treated soils were significantly lower than in the control soil at 7 days. These results suggest that the antimicrobial activities of purified tannins of A. mangium bark reduced N 2 O emissions by inhibiting denitrification regardless of the degree of polymerization. The crude tannin extract, which probably contained other non-tannic C sources, also reduced N 2 O emissions, suggesting that the toxic effects of HMT and LMT in it would overcome the effects of other C compounds on soil N 2 O emissions. Tannic acid, which is different in structure from condensed tannins, suppressed the N 2 O emission but it was not significant and less effective than HMT and LMT. Our results suggest that the application of A. mangium bark tannins has the potential to mitigate N 2 O emissions from A. mangium plantation soils.

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Effects of agricultural land-use change and forest fire on N₂O emission from tropical peatlands, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Cited by 91 publications

References 15 publications

Opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in tropical peatlands

Opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in tropical peatlands

Nitrous oxide emission derived from soil organic matter decomposition from tropical agricultural peat soil in central Kalimantan, Indonesia

The effects of tannins derived from <i>Acacia mangium</i> bark on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from water saturated acacia plantation soil

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