Effects of air current speed on gas exchange in plant leaves and plant canopies

Kitaya, Yoshiaki; Tsuruyama, Johshin; Shibuya, Toshio; Yoshida, M.; Kiyota, Makoto

doi:10.1016/s0273-1177(02)00747-0

Cited by 59 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Kitaya et al 15 reported that the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate significantly increased as the air current speed increased from 0.01 to 0.2 m⋅s -1 . The transpiration rate increased gradually with the increase of air current speeds from 0.2 to 1.0 m·s -1 , whereas the net photosynthetic rate remained constant at 0.5-1.0 m·s -1 .…”

Section: Chlorophyll Fluorescence Response To Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Growth Environment in a Plant Production Facility Using a Chlorophyll Fluorescence Method

Kim

Giacomelii

Sase

et al. 2006

JARQ

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Chlorophyll fluorescence has been known as one of the indicators of photosynthetic status to various environmental stresses. The aims of this study were to assess the effects of environmental factors on lettuce chlorophyll fluorescent responses (Fv/Fm) and to develop an environment optimization model for lettuce growth using a simple genetic algorithm. High values of Fv/Fm were observed when environmental factors were 22-26ºC ambient temperature, 15-23ºC root zone temperature, 900-1,600 ppm CO 2 concentration, 0.4-1.3 m⋅s -1 air current speed, and 65-85% relative humidity. As photosynthesis photon flux (PPF) increased over 150 μmol⋅m PPF, and 75% relative humidity. The Fv/Fm value can be a good indicator of plant stress level and thus a useful parameter to optimize the environment for plant growth.

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Section: Chlorophyll Fluorescence Response To Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Growth Environment in a Plant Production Facility Using a Chlorophyll Fluorescence Method

Kim

Giacomelii

Sase

et al. 2006

JARQ

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“…Clearly, these low air speeds inhibited plantlet growth because of limited photosynthesis and transpiration. Kitaya et al (2003) also have reported that increased air speeds can enhance the net photosynthetic and transpiration rates of sweet potato leaves and tomato seedling canopies grown in a closed system, the latter species showing a doubling in its net photosynthetic rate when air speed is increased from 0.1 to 1.0 m s 1. In addition, Heo and Kozai (1999) have reported that in vitro growth of sweet potato cuttings under upwardly forced ventilation is not uniform, but is greater near the air inlet than the outlet.…”

Section: Air Current Pattern and Speed Under Natural And Upward-forcementioning

confidence: 91%

Internal air current patterns depend on the ventilation method in a scaled-up culture vessel for micropropagation

et al. 2006

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Air current patterns were visualized inside a scaled-up culture vessel under natural or forced ventilation. Metaldehyde particles were used as tracers, and their patterns were recorded as video images by a high-resolution-and-contrast camera. Under natural conditions, the air currents were mainly influenced by natural convection that developed due to the lighting scheme, which caused differences in temperature among various articles in the chamber, including a sweet potato plantlet, supporting material, a multi-cell tray, and the culture vessel. Under forced ventilation, the air current pattern and air speed were affected by ventilation rates and by air-supply methods that were either parallel downward or circular upward. Uniformity of air movement could be achieved with air distribution pipes inside a modified vessel. Under forced ventilation, growth, photosynthetic rate, and transpiration of the micropropagated plantlets were enhanced around the air outlet as well as the inlet in the large-scale vessel. Those plant responses were probably induced by uniform spatial distribution of air current and gas concentrations.

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“…The velocity inside both Petal A and B near the plants remains below 1 m/s: this velocity gradient could be acceptable for the growth of plants. Indeed it was shown in a ground experiment that above an air current velocity of 0.2 m/s leaf gas exchange was not limited by convection (Kitaya et al 2004, Kitaya et al 2003. Higher velocity values are only present in the plenum for the supply air and around the suction duct.…”

Section: Detailed Analysis and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Greenhouse Module for Space System: A Lunar Greenhouse Design

et al. 2017

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Open Agriculture. 2017; 2: 116-132 potential growth accommodations and shapes for the external structure. Five different options for the outer shape were investigated, each of them with a set of possible internal configurations. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process, the different concept options were evaluated and ranked against each other. The design option with the highest ranking was an inflatable outer structure with a rigid inner core, in which the subsystems are mounted. The inflatable shell is wrapped around the core during launch and transit to the lunar surface. The paper provides an overview of the final design, which was further detailed in a concurrent engineering design study. During the study, the subsystem parameters (e.g. mass, power, performance) were calculated and evaluated. The results of the study were further elaborated, leading to a lunar greenhouse concept that fulfils all initial requirements. The greenhouse module has a total cultivation area of more than 650 m² and provides more than 4100 kg of edible dry mass over the duration of the mission. Based on the study, the consortium also identified technology and knowledge gaps (not part of this paper), which have to be addressed in future projects to make the actual development of such a lunar greenhouse, and permanent settlements for long-term human-tended research tasks on other terrestrial bodies, feasible in the first place. Keywords:lunar greenhouse; lunar infrastructure; closed-loop; bio-regenerative; life support system IntroductionThe project Greenhouse Module for Space System was one part of European activities focused on developing a regenerative life support system (LSS). The bulk of these activities take place within the ESA Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) framework. The MELiSSA framework aims to develop a micro-organism and higher plant based ecosystem, which would function as a closed-loop bio-regenerative life support system, required for future long-duration human space flight. Received December 29, 2016; accepted February 21, 2017 Abstract: In the next 10 to 20 years humankind will return to the Moon and/or travel to Mars. It is likely that astronauts will eventually build permanent settlements there, as a base for long-term crew tended research tasks. It is obvious that the crew of such settlements will need food to survive. With current mission architectures the provision of food for longduration missions away from Earth requires a significant number of resupply flights. Furthermore, it would be infeasible to provide the crew with continuous access to fresh produce, specifically crops with high water content such as tomatoes and peppers, on account of their limited shelf life. A greenhouse as an integrated part of a planetary surface base would be one solution to solve this challenge for long-duration missions. Astronauts could grow their own fresh fruit and vegetables in-situ to be more independent from supply from Earth. This paper presents the results of the design project for such a...

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Effects of air current speed on gas exchange in plant leaves and plant canopies

Cited by 59 publications

References 6 publications

Optimization of Growth Environment in a Plant Production Facility Using a Chlorophyll Fluorescence Method

Optimization of Growth Environment in a Plant Production Facility Using a Chlorophyll Fluorescence Method

Internal air current patterns depend on the ventilation method in a scaled-up culture vessel for micropropagation

Greenhouse Module for Space System: A Lunar Greenhouse Design

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