Effects of Air Pollution on the Prevalence and Incidence of Asthma in Children

Shima, Masayuki; Nitta, Yoshio; Ando, Michiko; Adachi, Motoaki

doi:10.1080/00039890209602084

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Modig et al [30] studied the association between the exposure to air pollutants and increased risk of asthma in adults and found that the association between asthma and measured NO 2 was weak and not significant. However, in a 6-yr follow-up study [8] among Japanese children a significant association was found between the annual average concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and the incidence of asthma. A study [31] in Hong Kong, China was conducted to find out association of air pollution and asthma admission among children and it concluded that the ambient levels of PM 10 and NO 2 but not SO 2 , were associated with childhood www.pneumonologia.viamedica.pl [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Air Pollution and Asthma in Children at Delhi, India

Kumar

Nagar

Goel

et al. 2015

Advances in Respiratory Medicine

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Introduction: Several studies in developed countries have shown association between indoor air pollution and asthma in children. The present research was undertaken to study this association at Delhi, India. Material and methods: This study took place at Delhi, capital of India. Eight locations based on the source of pollution such as industrial, residential and villages were included. Recording of the demographic profile and clinical examination of each child was conducted at their residence. Indoor SO 2 , NO 2 and SPM (suspended particulate matter) levels were measured by using Handy Air Sampler (Low Volume Sampler). Results: A total of 3104 children were examined of which 60.3% were male and 39.7% were female. 32.4% children were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. 31.5 % children's families were using biomass fuels for cooking. History of respiratory symptoms included cough (43.9%), phlegm production (21.9%), shortness of breath (19.3%) and wheezing (14.0%). 7.9% children were diagnosed as having asthma, which was highest in industrial areas (11.8%), followed by residential (7.5%) and village areas (3.9%). The mean indoor SO 2 , NO 2 and SPM levels were 4.28±4.61 mg/m

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies [8,9] have reported air pollution as a causative factor for asthma. In a 6-yr follow-up study [8] among Japanese children a significant association was found between the annual average concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and the incidence of asthma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Pollution and Asthma in Children at Delhi, India

Kumar

Nagar

Goel

et al. 2015

Advances in Respiratory Medicine

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“…High traffic exposure is a risk factor for the development of wheeze and asthma diagnoses. A study in Japan found that rate of asthma increased among girls living within 50 m of a trunk road (Shima et al, 2003), and an increased incidence of asthma during the follow-up period, that was significantly associated with atmospheric concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (a vehicular exhaust emission) (Shima et al, 2002). A study in Italy found that children who live on streets with a high frequency of truck traffic may experience adverse respiratory effects with increased lower respiratory tract infections early in life and wheezing and bronchitic symptoms at school age (Ciccone et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the association between traffic exposure and the diagnosis of asthma in children

Gordian

Haneuse

Wakefield

2005

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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This study investigated whether proximity to traffic at residence location is associated with being diagnosed with asthma as a young child. A survey of parents of children (aged 5-7) in kindergarten and first-grade in 13 schools was completed in Anchorage, Alaska, and Geographical Information System (GIS) mapping was used to obtain an exposure measure based on traffic density within 100 m of the cross streets closest to the child's residence. Using the range of observed exposure values, a score of low, medium or high traffic exposure was assigned to each child. After controlling for individual level confounders, relative to the low referent group, relative risks (95% confidence intervals) of 1.40 (0.77, 2.55) and 2.83 (1.23,6.51) were obtained in the medium and high exposure groups, respectively. For the null hypothesis of no difference in risk, a significance level of 0.056 was obtained, which suggests that further investigation would be worthwhile. Children without a family history of asthma were more likely to have an asthma diagnosis if they resided in a high traffic area than children who had one or more parents with asthma. The relative risk for children without a family history of asthma is 2.43 (1.12, 5.28) for medium exposure and 5.43 (2.08, 13.74) for high exposure. For children with a family history of asthma, the relative risk is 0.66 (0.25, 1.74) for medium exposure and 0.67 (0.12, 3.69) for high exposure. The P-value for the overall ''exposure-effect'' (i.e. both main effects AND interaction terms) is 0.0097.

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“…Few studies have reported air pollution as a cause for asthma. In a 6-yr follow-up study among Japanese children a significant association was found between the annual average concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and the incidence of asthma [10]. A study in the UK showed that children from Birmingham, aged 0-5 yrs, admitted for asthma, were more likely to live in areas with high traffic flows close to their home in comparison with children in a control group [11].…”

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Vehicle exhaust exposure in an incident case–control study of adult asthma

Modig

Järvholm²,

Rönnmark³

et al. 2006

Eur Respir J

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The objective of this case-control study was to evaluate whether traffic-related air pollution exposure at home increases the risk of asthma in adults and to compare two commonly used exposure variables and differences between urban and rural living.Incident cases of asthma and matched controls of subjects aged 20-60 yrs were recruited in Luleå, Sweden. In total 203 cases and 203 controls were enrolled in the study. Exposure was estimated by traffic flow and measured levels of outdoor nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) in the surrounding environment of each home, respectively. The relationship between measured levels of NO 2 and traffic flow was studied using linear regression.The results indicated a nonsignificant tendency between living in a home close to a high traffic flow and an increased risk of asthma. The association between asthma and measured NO 2 was weak and not significant, but the skin-prick test result acted as an effect modifier with a borderline significant association among positives. The correlation between traffic flow and outdoor NO 2 was low.The results suggest that living close to high traffic flows might increase the asthma incidence in adults, while the tendency for nitrogen dioxide was only seen among atopics. Traffic flow and nitrogen dioxide had a lower than expected correlation.

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Effects of Air Pollution on the Prevalence and Incidence of Asthma in Children

Cited by 70 publications

References 32 publications

Indoor Air Pollution and Asthma in Children at Delhi, India

Indoor Air Pollution and Asthma in Children at Delhi, India

An investigation of the association between traffic exposure and the diagnosis of asthma in children

Vehicle exhaust exposure in an incident case–control study of adult asthma

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