Effects of Air Staging Conditions on the Combustion and NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Emission Characteristics in a 600 MW Wall Fired Utility Boiler Using Lean Coal

Hu, Liu; Liu, Yinhe; Yi, Guangzhou; Nie, Li; Che, Defu

doi:10.1021/ef401354g

Cited by 114 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Moreover, the equivalence ratio plays a key role in forming both NO x and CO as illustrated in Figure 1. Liu et al 22 numerically investigated the impact of OFA location and ratio on the combustion of coal and, particularly, on the NO x emissions. The typical window of operation for methane fuel, for example, is 0.45 to 0.70 in premixed combustors.…”

Section: Combustion and Emissions Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO₂capture: A review

et al. 2019

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Summary The use of fossil fuel is expected to increase significantly by midcentury because of the large rise in the world energy demand despite the effective integration of renewable energies in the energy production sector. This increase, alongside with the development of stricter emission regulations, forced the manufacturers of combustion systems, especially gas turbines, to develop novel combustion techniques for the control of NOx and CO2 emissions, the latter being a greenhouse gas responsible for more than 60% to the global warming problem. The present review addresses different burner designs and combustion techniques for clean power production in gas turbines. Combustion and emission characteristics, flame instabilities, and solution techniques are presented, such as lean premixed air‐fuel (LPM) and premixed oxy‐fuel combustion techniques, and the combustor performance is compared for both cases. The fuel flexibility approach is also reviewed, as one of the combustion techniques for controlling emissions and reducing flame instabilities, focusing on the hydrogen‐enrichment and the integrated fuel‐flexible premixed oxy‐combustion approaches. State‐of‐the‐art burner designs for gas turbine combustion applications are reviewed in this study, including stagnation point reverse flow (SPRF) burner, dry low NOx (DLN) and dry low‐emission (DLE) burners, EnVironmental burners (including EV, AEV, and SEV burners), perforated plate (PP) burner, and micromixer (MM) burner. Special emphasis is made on the MM combustor technology, as one of the most recent advances in gas turbines for stable premixed flame operation with wide turndown and effective control of NOx emissions. Since the generation of pure oxygen is prerequisite to oxy‐combustion, oxygen‐separation membranes became of immense importance either for air separation for clean oxy‐combustion applications or for conversion/splitting of the effluent CO2 into useful chemical and energy products. The different carbon‐capture technologies, along with the most recent carbon‐utilization approaches towards CO2 emissions control, are also reviewed.

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Section: Combustion and Emissions Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO₂capture: A review

et al. 2019

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“…7,8 This is because the pulverized coal-air ow may strike the wall to form a reducing atmosphere near the water-cooled wall. 9,10 And it will lead to reducing substances being released from coal. These substances (H 2 S, [S], HCl and Cl 2 ) will diffuse to and react with the bare tube metal forming FeS, Fe 3 O 4 , FeCl 2 , FeS 2 , etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of offset angle of mid-secondary air nozzles on gas-particle flow characteristics in a furnace

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2018

RSC Adv.

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A three-component particle-dynamics anemometer was used to measure the characteristics of two-phase gas-particle flows in a primary air nozzle using a gas/particle two-phase test facility. The jet trajectory of primary air velocities, Reynolds stress and particle concentration profiles were obtained. Based on this, the advantages and disadvantages of increasing the offset angle were analyzed to optimize performance. The results show that gas-particle slippage is not noticeable in the furnace, even though the midsecondary air offset angle changes. Within the jet's free developing zone, the location of the peak concentration does not change with the mid-secondary air offset angles. Properly enlarging the offset angle of mid-secondary air nozzles will delay the mixing of the secondary air into the primary-air-andcoal mixture and realize horizontal-staged combustion in a furnace. It also can enhance the stability of airflow and form a better blended jet tail, meanwhile reducing the vortex at the back-fire side and avoiding a short circuiting of the airflow. It is favorable for increasing combustion efficiency and preventing slagging and high-temperature corrosion.

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“…In this regard, there is a technology that results in environment‐friendly thermal power generation, and that is carbon dioxide source separation using chemical looping combustion (CLC) . In the boiler of a conventional thermal power plant, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides are emitted, which results in air pollution . However, carbon dioxide is not generated when using oxyfuel combustion technology, otherwise known as CLC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significantly enhanced oxygen transfer capacity by the oxygen delivery channels formed in the inverse spinel Cu_xMg_2-xMn_yTi_1-yO_4.0particle

et al. 2018

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Summary Particles containing Cu and Mn as oxygen transfer species in the development of alternative oxygen carriers for commercialized NiO‐based particles used in CH4 chemical looping combustion were investigated in this study. To maximize their oxygen transfer capacity, divalent Cu and tetravalent Mn were maintained in their respective oxidation states, which resulted in their reduction capacities not being canceled by each other. To prevent abrasion and sintering caused by collision and aggregation between 2 metals at high temperatures, they were stably fixed in an Mg1.0Ti1.0O3.0 ilmenite support. As the result, the Cu‐substituted particle transferred to a pseudobrookite Mg1.0Ti2.0O5.0 structure, and the particles with Cu2+ and Mn4+ substituting Mg2+ and Ti4+, respectively, changed to an inverse spinel Mg2.0Ti1.0O4.0 structure, and not an ilmenite structure. In the hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction test, the reduction temperatures of the Cu and Mn ions in CuxMg2‐xMnyTi1‐yO4.0 particles were significantly lower by 200°C or higher than those in the particles containing only Cu or Mn. Furthermore, adsorption curves of CH4 and CO were shifted to low temperatures, and the adsorption concentrations were greatly increased for CuxMg2‐xMnyTi1‐yO4.0. For the cycling test for the CH4‐CO2/air redox system, the oxygen transfer capacities in particles containing only Cu or Mn were 3.4% or 3.1%, respectively, but this increased to 9.4% in Cu1.5Mg0.5Mn0.5Ti0.5O4.0. In CuxMg2‐xMnyTi1‐yO4.0, the Mn species was present in the tetravalent state, and it participated in the CH4 combustion reaction with the Cu ion, resulting in improved oxygen transfer ability. Finally, this study demonstrated an important mechanism, in which the Cu2+ and Mn4+ ions were reduced while combusting CH4, and the Mg2+ and Ti4+ transfer oxygen to the reduced Cu and Mn through the inverse spinel lattice of CuxMg2‐xMnyTi1‐yO4.0. All metal species were reduced to like a dominos in the reduction system, creating a regular oxygen delivery channel in the crystal during the CH4‐CO2/air redox reaction, and resulting in improved oxygen transfer capacity.

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Effects of Air Staging Conditions on the Combustion and NO_x Emission Characteristics in a 600 MW Wall Fired Utility Boiler Using Lean Coal

Cited by 114 publications

References 41 publications

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO₂capture: A review

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO₂capture: A review

Influence of offset angle of mid-secondary air nozzles on gas-particle flow characteristics in a furnace

Significantly enhanced oxygen transfer capacity by the oxygen delivery channels formed in the inverse spinel Cu_xMg_2-xMn_yTi_1-yO_4.0particle

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Effects of Air Staging Conditions on the Combustion and NOx Emission Characteristics in a 600 MW Wall Fired Utility Boiler Using Lean Coal

Cited by 114 publications

References 41 publications

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO2capture: A review

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO2capture: A review

Influence of offset angle of mid-secondary air nozzles on gas-particle flow characteristics in a furnace

Significantly enhanced oxygen transfer capacity by the oxygen delivery channels formed in the inverse spinel CuxMg2-xMnyTi1-yO4.0particle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of Air Staging Conditions on the Combustion and NO_x Emission Characteristics in a 600 MW Wall Fired Utility Boiler Using Lean Coal

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO₂capture: A review

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO₂capture: A review

Significantly enhanced oxygen transfer capacity by the oxygen delivery channels formed in the inverse spinel Cu_xMg_2-xMn_yTi_1-yO_4.0particle