Effects of airborne<i>Aspergillus</i>on serum aflatoxin B1 and liver enzymes in workers handling wheat flour

Saad-Hussein, Amal; Taha, Mona M.; Fadl, Nevein N.; Awad, Abdel Hameed A.; Mahdy-Abdallah, Heba; Moubarz, Gehan; Aziz, Hend A.; El-Shamy, Karima Abbas

doi:10.1177/0960327115573596

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…But in contrast to the present study, Saad-Hussein et al [20] revealed that there was no significant difference in ALP levels between the workers and the controls. This could be attributed to the inclusion of all the milling workers with high and low levels of serum AFB1/alb in the study, while, in the present study only milling workers with high serum levels of AFB1/alb were included.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, in the previous study, the liver enzymes AST and ALT of workers handling wheat flour were found to be significantly elevated compared to the controls, and these elevations were significantly increased with the increase in the environmental exposures to Aspergillus flavus [20]. But in contrast to the present study, Saad-Hussein et al [20] revealed that there was no significant difference in ALP levels between the workers and the controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…In previous studies, chronic environmental exposure to the high concentrations of Aspergillus flavus caused significant elevation in the urinary levels of AFM1 [19], and in the blood levels of AFB1 [20]. The wheat milling workers with high serum AFB1/Alb levels detected in the previous study of Saad-Hussein et al [20] were included in the current study. The present study confirmed that the levels of AFB1/Alb were significantly higher in the included workers compared to their controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Oxidative Role of Aflatoxin B1 on the Liver of Wheat Milling Workers

Saad-Hussein¹,

Abdalla²,

Shousha³

et al. 2014

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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Aim: The study aimed to estimate oxidative role of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the liver in wheat milling workers. Materials and Methods:Case-control study was conducted to compare between the levels of AFB1/albumin (AFB1/alb), liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP), P53, MDA, GST, SOD, zinc and vitamin C in 35 wheat milling workers and 40 control subjects.Results: Statistical analysis revealed that ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, P53, MDA, GST and SOD in workers were significantly elevated compared to their controls. In the milling workers, there were significant correlations between MDA levels and the levels of AST, GGT, and P53, while, P53 was inversely correlated with GST and SOD activities. There were significant correlations between Zn levels and GGT, GST and SOD activities, between vitamin C and GST activities, and vitamin C inversely correlated with MDA. Conclusion:The present study concluded that the oxidative stress of AFB1 elevated the MDA and the liver enzymes in wheat milling workers. GST has a crucial role in the detoxification of aflatoxin and SOD as a scavenger antioxidant increased in the workers to overcome the oxidative toxic effects of AFB1 on the liver of the workers, and roles of Zn and vitamin C were significant in activation of these processes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Oxidative Role of Aflatoxin B1 on the Liver of Wheat Milling Workers

Saad-Hussein¹,

Abdalla²,

Shousha³

et al. 2014

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…Another shortcoming of ELISA is that it relies on specific antibodies for each mycotoxin; therefore, it is not appropriate for multi-mycotoxin determination. In fact, ELISA was applied in just 15% of all studies reviewed [73][74][75][76][77][78][79].…”

Section: Mycotoxin Determination In Human Blood Plasma and Serummentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Blood, Plasma and Serum in Recent Years: A Review

Arce-López

Lizarraga

Vettorazzi

et al. 2020

Toxins

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This manuscript reviews the state-of-the-art regarding human biological monitoring (HBM) of mycotoxins in plasma, serum and blood samples. After a comprehensive and systematic literature review, with a focus on the last five years, several aspects were analyzed and summarized: (a) the biomarkers analyzed and their encountered levels, (b) the analytical methodologies developed and (c) the relationship between biomarker levels and some illnesses. In the literature reviewed, aflatoxin B1-lysine (AFB1-lys) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in plasma and serum were the most widely studied mycotoxin biomarkers for HBM. Regarding analytical methodologies, a clear increase in the development of methods for the simultaneous determination of multiple mycotoxins has been observed. For this purpose, the use of liquid chromatography (LC) methodologies, especially when coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) or high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has grown. A high percentage of the samples analyzed for OTA or aflatoxin B1 (mostly as AFB1-lys) in the reviewed papers were positive, demonstrating human exposure to mycotoxins. This review confirms the importance of mycotoxin human biomonitoring and highlights the important challenges that should be faced, such as the inclusion of other mycotoxins in HBM programs, the need to increase knowledge of mycotoxin metabolism and toxicokinetics, and the need for reference materials and new methodologies for treating samples. In addition, guidelines are required for analytical method validation, as well as equations to establish the relationship between human fluid levels and mycotoxin intake.

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“…Occupational exposure to aflatoxin was found in textile workers and was associated with liver tumor biomarkers (Saad-Hussein et al, 2013). Airborne Aspergillus was associated with higher serum aflatoxin B1 and several liver enzymes among workers handling wheat flour (Saad-Hussein et al, 2016) as well, suggesting workers for several occupations may be at increased risk for indoor mold exposures.…”

Section: At Risk Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Health Research in Africa: Important Progress and Promising Opportunities

Joubert

Mantooth²,

McAllister

2020

Front. Genet.

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The World Health Organization in 2016 estimated that over 20% of the global disease burden and deaths were attributed to modifiable environmental factors. However, data clearly characterizing the impact of environmental exposures and health endpoints in African populations is limited. To describe recent progress and identify important research gaps, we reviewed literature on environmental health research in African populations over the last decade, as well as research incorporating both genomic and environmental factors. We queried PubMed for peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, or books examining environmental exposures and health outcomes in human populations in Africa. Searches utilized medical subheading (MeSH) terms for environmental exposure categories listed in the March 2018 US National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, which includes chemicals with worldwide distributions. Our search strategy retrieved 540 relevant publications, with studies evaluating health impacts of ambient air pollution (n=105), indoor air pollution (n = 166), heavy metals (n = 130), pesticides (n = 95), dietary mold (n = 61), indoor mold (n = 9), per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs, n = 0), electronic waste (n = 9), environmental phenols (n = 4), flame retardants (n = 8), and phthalates (n = 3), where publications could belong to more than one exposure category. Only 23 publications characterized both environmental and genomic risk factors. Cardiovascular and respiratory health endpoints impacted by air pollution were comparable to observations in other countries. Air pollution exposures unique to Africa and some other resource limited settings were dust and specific occupational exposures. Literature describing harmful health effects of metals, pesticides, and dietary mold represented a context unique to Africa. Studies of exposures to phthalates, PFASs, phenols, and flame retardants were very limited. These results underscore the need for further focus on current and emerging environmental and chemical health risks as well as better integration of genomic and environmental factors in African research studies. Environmental exposures with distinct routes of exposure, unique co-exposures and co-morbidities, combined with the extensive genomic diversity in Africa may lead to the identification of novel mechanisms underlying complex disease and promising potential for translation to global public health.

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Effects of airborneAspergilluson serum aflatoxin B1 and liver enzymes in workers handling wheat flour

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

Oxidative Role of Aflatoxin B1 on the Liver of Wheat Milling Workers

Oxidative Role of Aflatoxin B1 on the Liver of Wheat Milling Workers

Human Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Blood, Plasma and Serum in Recent Years: A Review

Environmental Health Research in Africa: Important Progress and Promising Opportunities

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