Effects of alcoholism, morphinism, and barbiturate resistance on induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia

Lee, Peter Kwang-yi; Cho, Min H.; Dobkin, Allen B.; Curtis, Donald A.

doi:10.1007/bf03003421

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, experimental and clinical studies researching the effect of ethanol on inhalational anesthetics are scarce and date back to the 1980s. They also mainly focused on chronic effects of alcohol 8 , 13 , 14 . To date, we found no experimental or clinical studies investigating the effect of acutely administered ethanol on the anesthetic or sedative effects of sevoflurane, which is one of the most commonly used anesthetic agents 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol reduces the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in rats

Müller

Plöchl

Mühlbacher

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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A high number of trauma patients are under the influence of alcohol. Since many of them need immediate surgical procedures, it is imperative to be aware of the interaction of alcohol with general anesthesia. To counter challenges that arise from clinical studies, we designed an animal experiment in which 48 adult Wistar rats either received 1 g · kg−1 ethanol, 2 g · kg−1 ethanol or placebo via intraperitoneal application. Subsequently, they were anesthetized with an individual concentration of sevoflurane. The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of the different groups was assessed using Dixon’s up-and-down design and isotonic regression methods. The bootstrap estimate of the MAC of sevoflurane in the placebo group was 2.24 vol% (95% CI 1.97–2.94 vol%). In the low dose ethanol group, the bootstrap estimate was 1.65 vol% (95% CI 1.40–1.98 vol%), and in the high dose ethanol group, it was 1.08 vol% (95% CI 0.73–1.42 vol%). We therefore report that intraperitoneal application of 1 g · kg−1 or 2 g · kg−1 ethanol both resulted in a significant reduction of the MAC of sevoflurane in adult Wistar rats: by 26.3% and 51.8% respectively as compared to placebo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol reduces the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in rats

Müller

Plöchl

Mühlbacher

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Relatively little work has been done to study the effects of chronic ethanol consumption on drug responses. It is known that sober alcoholics need larger doses of anesthetic agents than control subjects (Lee et al 1964;Han 1969). This decreased sensitivity to anesthetics, such as barbiturates, has been generally attributed to cross tolerance within the central nervous system.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Influence of Chronic Ethanol Consumption on the Distribution of Thiopental in Rats

Patel¹,

Johnson²

1975

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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Ethanol was administered chronically for 14 days to male Sprague-Dawley rats. Day 15 was ethanol-free. On day 16 the rats received 25 mg of thiopental per kilogram (intravenously). One minute after the injection, the ethanol-treated rats showed lower blood levels of thiopental and higher liver levels of the drug than control rats given sucrose in place of ethanol. Samples of blood drawn 5 and 10 min after injection showed no significant difference in thiopental levels between the ethanol and control groups. The ethanol-treated group slept for a significantly shorter period of time. It is concluded that chronic ethanol consumption for 14 days decreases the pharmacological effects of thiopental and alters its initial distribution in the body.

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