Effects of Allium tuncelianum on hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in the kidney and liver tissues in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of Allium tuncelianum extract on hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in the kidney and liver tissues in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 animals in each group: Control group (C) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) treated with physiological saline solution, diabetic control (DC) group i.p. with a single dose of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ), diabetic + insulin (D+I) group i.p. with a single dose of 50 mg/kg STZ and subcutaneously (s.c.) with 2 IU insulin for 28 days (Levemir Flexpen), diabetic + Allium tuncelianum extract (D+AT) group i.p. with a single dose of 50 mg/kg STZ and orally with 250 mg/kg Allium tuncelianum extract for 28 days. The serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin levels and the kidney and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined by using ELISA kits. Increased blood glucose levels (p<0.001), increased TBARS levels (p<0.001, p<0.01 respectively), and decreased SOD and CAT activities (p<0.001) in the kidney and liver tissue homogenates were determined in diabetic control group compared to control group. Allium tuncelianum extract had potent antioxidant activities in the diabetic rats, and demonstrated improvement effects by increasing insulin levels, decreasing glycated hemoglobin levels, and attenuating oxidative stress in the diabetic rats. This study suggests that Allium tuncelianum extract may have therapeutic potential for patients with diabetes.

Behavior, antioxidant, and metabolomics effects of Allium tuncelianum

“…While the metabolomics data in the current study showed that AT increased the activity of many pathways that support cell metabolism and vital cycles, no antioxidant effects were observed in the examinations we performed in three different tissues. It has been shown in previous studies that the administration of AT extracts reverses the oxidative effect of the induced pathologies (Atila et al., 2019 ; Takim, 2015 ). However, since these studies do not provide information about the oxidant–antioxidant effect of lone AT extract without any pathology, the current study provides data for the literature.…”

“…administered a single dose of 50 mg/kg STZ and daily oral doses of 250 mg/kg oral AT to rats for 28 days. They reported that the SOD and CAT activities in the kidney and liver significantly increased in the diabetic models treated with AT (Atila et al., 2019 ). In both studies, the antioxidant effect was observed in the presence of a pathology; therefore, it can be considered that it has a protective effect in oxidative stress conditions.…”

“…Different studies showed that Allium extracts alleviate decreased antioxidant levels and reduce the physiological impact of pathologies when administered against different pathological conditions or metabolic problems such as STZ‐induced diabetes (Atila et al., 2019 ; Ayodhya et al., 2010 ; Takim et al., 2021 ). The antioxidant effects of lone Allium extracts were not assessed in those studies.…”

“…The AT ethanol–water extract and diazepam were dissolved in distilled water and administered orally at a volume of 10 mL/kg for 10 consecutive days at the same time every day. Doses were selected according to studies in the literature (Atila et al., 2019 ; Takım, 2015 ). Behavioral tests were conducted 1 h after the last treatment on day 10 (Akindele et al., 2012 ).…”

Antihyperglycemic, Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Effect of Rhizophora Mucronata and Avicennia Marina in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

“…Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development and progression of DM due to higher free radical production, damage to cell constituents, and impairment in the antioxidant defense enzymes ( 20 , 21 ). Naturally and experimentally induced diabetes is usually accompanied with increased level of lipid peroxides, ROS, as MDA and a decreased levels of the key antioxidant enzymes, CAT, SOD and GR-peroxidase (GSH-Px) which play an important role in scavenging the toxic intermediates of incomplete oxidation or regulating the production of ROS and the overall tissue antioxidant capability ( 22 ).This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the aqueous fraction of R. mucronata and A. marina leaves grown in Saudi Arabia alone or in combination as antidiabetic agents and explore its effect on the antioxidants status.…”