Effects of altitude changes on mild‑to‑moderate closed‑head injury in rats following acute high‑altitude exposure

Wang, Hao; Zhu, Xiyan; Xiang, Hao; Liao, Zhikang; Gao, Mou; Luo, Yetao; Wu, Pengfei; Zhang, Yihua; Ren, Miaojuan; Zhao, Hui; Xu, Minhui

doi:10.3892/etm.2018.7020

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It can be derived that high altitude is a related risk factor affecting traffic accidents severity due to the higher proportion of mountain roads. Exposure to high altitudes can cause acute altitude sickness and may lead to several complications including high-altitude cerebral edema, high-altitude pulmonary edema, a reduced metabolic body heat plateau, increased evaporation, and severe dehydration ( 40 – 42 ). These in turn make treatment more difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on alteration of road traffic casualties in western China from multi-department data in recent decade

Qiu

Liu²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundRoad traffic safety has considerably improved in China. However, the changes may differ in the economically backward and altitude higher western region. This study aims to investigate changes in the occurrence and severity of traffic casualties in western China and illuminate several key causal factors.Materials and methodsTraffic accident data from the Annual Traffic Accident Statistics Report combined with population and vehicle data from the China Statistics Bureau between 2009 and 2019, were retrospectively analyzed. Traffic accident numbers, fatalities, human injury (HI), case fatality rates (CFR), mortality per 100,000 population (MRP), and mortality per 10,000 vehicles (MRV) were compared between the western and eastern regions. The HI, CFR, MRV, and MRP between the four groups based on the altitude of cities, below 500 meters, 500 to 1,500 meters, 1,500 to 3,000 meters, and over 3,000 meters, were compared using one-way analysis of variance. One hundred and seventy-eight cases of extremely serious traffic accidents were further analyzed in terms of accident occurrence time, vehicle type, road grade, road shape, accident pattern, and accident reason. The differences of accident characteristics between the eastern and western regions were compared using the chi-square test.ResultsThe number of traffic accidents and fatalities decreased in low-altitude areas in western China. However, there was a significant increasing trend in the high altitude area. The HI, CFR, MRV, and MRP were higher in the western region than that in the eastern and national. Those accident indicators tended to increase with increasing altitude. And there were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) among groups from different altitudes. Chi-square test results show that there are statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in term of road grade, road shape, accident pattern between eastern and western. Low-grade roads, combined curved and sloping roads, and rollover were significant features associated with traffic accidents in the western region. Bad roads were the main cause of rollover accidents in western China, which will lead to more serious casualties. Over speeding, overloading, bad weather, vehicle failure, and driver error were the top five accident causes.ConclusionTraffic accidents are increasing in high-altitude areas of western China, and they lead to more severe casualties. The characteristics of serious traffic accidents in this part of the country differ from those of the eastern regions. Improving road safety facilities, restrictions of speed, and improving medical treatment at accident scenes may be effective measures to reduce traffic accidents related injuries in the western region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on alteration of road traffic casualties in western China from multi-department data in recent decade

Qiu

Liu²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

Self Cite

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“…The low air pressure in plateau area also reduces oxygen partial pressure, which leads to hypoxia and high-altitude sickness [6]. Human alveolar oxygen partial pressure, arterial blood oxygen partial pressure, and oxygen saturation are lower than those in plain areas as a result of the decreased atmospheric oxygen partial pressure [1,3]. It is more challenging to keep the safety of anesthesia for surgical patients who live in plateau area [7].…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many ailments affecting patients in the plateau area have not been treated promptly due to long-term hypoxia, changing lifestyle habits, stigmatization of ethnic and cultural beliefs (craniotomy is stigmatized), and limitations in medical care. Patients with severe craniocerebral damage caused by foreign body invasion have a signi cant risk of bleeding and infection [1,2]. To ensure the safety of such patients, appropriate surgical treatment and precise anesthesia administration are essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anesthesia management in elderly critically ill plateau area patients with severe craniocerebral injury caused by foreign body invasion: a case report

Sun

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Anesthesia management in elderly patients with long-term invasive plateau area severe craniocerebral injury is complex, rare, and high-risk. Case: A 76-year-old male had a 26-year history of skull foreign body penetration and 20 days of local pus and pain. His diagnoses included right hypoplasia, a foreign body in the skull with infection, hypokalemia, hypoproteinemia, pulmonary fibrous foci, and bilateral pleural effusion. For almost six months, the patient suffered from recurring headaches, blurred vision, and sluggish movement. The patient had poor diet, and poor sleep quality. The right anterior ear had a 2 cm skin defect with yellow pus and a black metal foreign body tip. The left eyelid was red and swollen, and the left conjunctiva was hyperemic. The right eyelid showed no abnormality with light and adjustment reflexes. Conclusion: To ensure the patient safety, close multidisciplinary collaboration, a precise surgical plan and anesthetic management strategy are essential.

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“…Many ailments affecting patients in the plateau area have not been treated promptly due to long-term hypoxia, changing lifestyle habits, stigmatization of ethnic and cultural beliefs (craniotomy is stigmatized), and limitations in medical care. Patients with severe craniocerebral damage caused by foreign-body penetration have a significant risk of bleeding and infection ( 4 , 5 ). To ensure the safety of such patients, appropriate surgical treatment and precise anesthesia administration are essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anesthesia strategies for elderly patients with craniocerebral injury due to foreign-body penetration in the plateau region: a case report

Sun,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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BackgroundThe administration of anesthesia for elderly individuals who are critically ill, suffering from severe craniocerebral injuries, and living in plateau regions presents a rare, intricate, and high-risk challenge. This case study outlines the specific anesthesia management protocols necessary for plateau-dwelling patients with significant craniocerebral damage undergoing prolonged invasive procedures.Case reportA 76-year-old male patient had a 26-year history of foreign-body penetration of the skull and had experienced local purulent discharge and pain for the previous 20 days. The diagnoses included right hypoplasia, a foreign body in the skull with an infection, hypokalemia, hypoproteinemia, pulmonary fibrous foci, and bilateral pleural effusion. For almost 6 months, the patient suffered from recurring headaches, blurred vision, and sluggish bodily movement. The patient had a poor diet, poor sleep quality, normal urination, and no noticeable weight loss since the onset of the illness. The right anterior ear had a 2 cm skin abscess with yellow pus and a black metal foreign body tip. The left eyelid was red and swollen, and the left conjunctiva was hyperemic; the right eyelid showed no abnormalities, and both pupils were wide and round, with light and adjustment reflexes and no cyanosis on the lips. Skull development was normal. No dry or moist rales were audible in either lung. The heart rhythm was regular, and the heart rate was 50 bpm. Chest CT revealed left lung calcification foci, bilateral pleural effusion, and fiber foci in the lower lobes of both lungs.ConclusionFurthermore, the patient in question was of advanced age and had a complex medical history, including prolonged exposure to high altitudes and previous instances of severe craniocerebral trauma, among other uncommon pathophysiological characteristics. In particular, the patient also underwent surgical interventions at both high and low altitudes, adding to the complexity of their case. To ensure patient safety, close multidisciplinary collaboration, the development of a precise surgical plan, and the implementation of a suitable perioperative anesthetic management strategy are imperative.

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Effects of altitude changes on mild‑to‑moderate closed‑head injury in rats following acute high‑altitude exposure

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Analysis on alteration of road traffic casualties in western China from multi-department data in recent decade

Analysis on alteration of road traffic casualties in western China from multi-department data in recent decade

Anesthesia management in elderly critically ill plateau area patients with severe craniocerebral injury caused by foreign body invasion: a case report

Anesthesia strategies for elderly patients with craniocerebral injury due to foreign-body penetration in the plateau region: a case report

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