Effects of Amino Acid Components of Yeast Extract on the Growth of Tobacco Tissue in Vitro.

Sandstedt, R. M.; Skoog, Folke

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1960.tb08028.x

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The growth of Atropa belladonna was strongly inhibited by methionine, hydroxyproline, leucine and tyrosine (Table 1) and the cultures turned brownish on media containing leucine as the sole nitrogen source. These amino acids retard growth in many tissue cultures (Nickell and Burkholder 1950, Sandstedt and Skoog 1960, Steinhart el a/. 1961, Earle and Torrey 1965, Behrend and Mateles 1975 and most of them repress nitrate reductase activity in cultured tobacco cells (Filner 1966).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dipeptides and Amino Acids as Nitrogen Sources for the Callus of Atropa belladonna

Salonen

Simola

1977

Physiologia Plantarum

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Stem callus of Atropa belladonna was grown on media containing seven dipeptides and the corresponding amino acids, given as the only nitrogen sources and in combination with inorganic nitrogen. Of the eight amino acids studied, only alanine and proline were used effectively by the callus. Three dipeptides (glycyl‐alanine, glycyl‐glycine and prolyl‐proline) promoted growth slightly, but none of them was better than inorganic nitrogen (KNO3, 2.5 mM) as the sole nitrogen source. In combination with KNO3 (2.5 mM), these three peptides stimulated growth more than, or at least as much as, KNO3 (5 mM). Growth was better with glycyl‐alanine and glycyl‐glycine (1.25 mM) than with glycine (2.5 mM), which inhibited growth. Arginine, a usually favourable compound, did not give any growth when used as the sole nitrogen source. Leucyl‐tyrosine, prolyl‐hydroxyproline and prolyl‐methionine inhibited growth when given alone or with inorganic nitrogen. In the case of the prolyl peptides the inhibition seemed to be due to the unfavourable effects of methionine and hydroxy‐proline, which were not counteracted by an equimolar concentration of proline. Both leucine and tyrosine were also strongly growth‐retarding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dipeptides and Amino Acids as Nitrogen Sources for the Callus of Atropa belladonna

Salonen

Simola

1977

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…In several synthetic media for tissue culture, various combinations of amino acids are known to promote the growth. [9][10][11] On the contrary, according to Koiwai, Tanno and Noguchi,12) amino acids especially aspartic acid, glycine, aspargine and tyrosine remarkably inhibited tobacco cell growth in suspension. In our case on crown gall cells, most amino acids inhibited cell growth at the concentration range examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Defined Medium for Crown Gall Cells of Tobacco in Suspension Culture

Mutoh¹,

Okunishi²,

Noguchi³

1976

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry

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“…Studies on amino acid toxicity in tissue culture have generally been performed on tissue fragments (23), callus cultures (24), and suspension cultures (3,14,15). The low cell density growth technique offers two main advantages over these previous approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This selective modification of amino acid toxicity by naphthaleneacetic acid could not be correlated with modifications of uptake rates or incorporation of these amino acids into protein or amino acid-auxin conjugates. A mutant clone resistant to high naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations and affected in root morphogenesis did not display, at the cellular level, the naphthaleneacetic acidmediated modification of amino acid cytotoxicity.Amino acid toxicity is a well-known phenomenon, studied in whole plants, isolated organs, or cell suspension cultures (3,14,15,20,23,24). Plant cell culture offers the opportunity to study this phenomenon at the cellular level under controlled conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Auxin and Amino Acid Metabolism of Tobacco Protoplast-Derived Cells

Marion‐Poll

Caboche²

1984

Plant Physiol.

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ABSTRACrSingle amno acids were found to be highly toxic to protoplast-derived cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi) cultured at low density in a culture medium containing a low naphthaleneacetic acid concentration (0.05 micromolar). The cytotoxicities of alanine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutanic acid, glutamine, glycine, lysine, proline, and valine were reduced when the naphthaleneacetic acid concentration of the culture medium was increased to I micromolar. This selective modification of amino acid toxicity by naphthaleneacetic acid could not be correlated with modifications of uptake rates or incorporation of these amino acids into protein or amino acid-auxin conjugates. A mutant clone resistant to high naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations and affected in root morphogenesis did not display, at the cellular level, the naphthaleneacetic acidmediated modification of amino acid cytotoxicity.Amino acid toxicity is a well-known phenomenon, studied in whole plants, isolated organs, or cell suspension cultures (3,14,15,20,23,24). Plant cell culture offers the opportunity to study this phenomenon at the cellular level under controlled conditions. Previous studies of amino acid toxicity in tobacco cells gave controversial results. Amino acid toxicity in tobacco cell suspension cultures has been thought to result from the inhibition by amino acids of the first steps of nitrogen metabolism, especially of NR' activity (3,14). However, toxicities of valine and of the mixture lysine plus threonine, in tobacco P-cells, have been shown to be due to specific inhibition of the biosynthesis of related amino acids-respectively, isoleucine and methionine (5, 6)-and not to an inhibition of NR activity (19).One ofthe most important differences between cell suspension and P-cell cultures is the hormone concentration of their culture media. Suspension culture media contain high auxin/cytokinin ratios to prevent clumping, whereas P-cells are generally grown in the presence of low auxin/cytokinin ratios which favor low density growth. In this study, we describe the relationship between auxin concentration of the culture medium and amino acid metabolism of P-cells, cultured at low density. MATERIALS AND METHODSPlant Material, Media, and Culture Conditions. Mesophyll protoplasts were prepared from diploid plants of Nicotiana tabacum (cv Xanthi) and cultured in medium To at a cell density of 7 x I04 protoplasts/ml as previously described (1 1). The same procedure was used to obtain protoplasts from the leaves of the auxin-resistant tobacco clone 36. This mutant clone was obtained after UV-irradiation of haploid protoplasts and selection on a medium containing high NAA concentration. Because mutant plantlets were unable to root, they were grafted on tobacco plants (N. tabacum cv Wisconsin 38) (21; manuscript in preparation).After 4 d ofculture in the dark at 26C, the P-cells were washed in nitrogen-and auxin-free medium C (22). Cells were then diluted to low density (102 divided cells/ml) in glutamine-free medium C containing m...

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Effects of Amino Acid Components of Yeast Extract on the Growth of Tobacco Tissue in Vitro.

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Dipeptides and Amino Acids as Nitrogen Sources for the Callus of Atropa belladonna

Dipeptides and Amino Acids as Nitrogen Sources for the Callus of Atropa belladonna

Defined Medium for Crown Gall Cells of Tobacco in Suspension Culture

Relationship between Auxin and Amino Acid Metabolism of Tobacco Protoplast-Derived Cells

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