Effects of Amlodipine on Bone Metabolism in Orchidectomised Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Abstract

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) represent a model of essential hypertension. We studied the effect of amlodipine (AML) on bone markers, bone mineral density (BMD), and biomechanical properties of osteopenic bone induced by orchidectomy in male SHR. Rats were allocated to 3 groups and were sacrificed after 12 weeks: sham-operated control; orchidectomised control; and orchidectomised receiving a diet supplemented with AML. Indicators of bone turnover were assessed in bone homogenate, BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the femurs were subjected to biomechanical testing. Long-term AML administration does not have a negative impact on bone metabolism and density in male SHR.

Comparison of panoramic mandibular cortical bone quality indexes in amlodipine users and healthy individuals

“…1,17 Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with an antihypertensive effect that works by inhibiting the entry or absorption of calcium when entering the L-type calcium channel membrane which then causes a decrease in intracellular calcium concentration and relaxation of smooth muscle cells in peripheral and coronary arteries. 18 Several other theories state that amlodipine can reduce bone quality by reducing the production of steroid hormones, thus reducing bone formation and decreasing mandibular trabecular and cortical volume. A study conducted by Adelaja et al discovered the impaired morphology of the bone marrow in adult Wistar rats treated with 5-15 mg of amlodipine besylate.…”

“…Several studies stated that taking antihypertensive medication rai fracture, 25,26 while others claimed that the blood-pressure-lowering effect indirectly density, which may lower the risk of fracture. 27 A research in Wistar rats given am insignificant changes in bone, 18 other stated amlodipine impairs the bone marrow mo antihypertensive drug therapy, there can be an alteration of bone quality due to the disruption of calcium metabolism. 1,8,17,18,20,21,23,24 However, the effects of amlodipine on calcium metabolism and bone density themselves are still debated.…”

“…27 A research in Wistar rats given am insignificant changes in bone, 18 other stated amlodipine impairs the bone marrow mo antihypertensive drug therapy, there can be an alteration of bone quality due to the disruption of calcium metabolism. 1,8,17,18,20,21,23,24 However, the effects of amlodipine on calcium metabolism and bone density themselves are still debated. There have been many studies that examined the relationship between these two and some of them concluded that the relationship is inconsistent and contradictory, including the result of this study.…”

“…Several studies stated that taking antihypertensive medication raises the risk of fracture, 25,26 while others claimed that the blood-pressure-lowering effect indirectly increases bone density, which may lower the risk of fracture. 27 A research in Wistar rats given amlodipine showed insignificant changes in bone, 18 other stated amlodipine impairs the bone marrow morphology, 19 while some researchers wrote that amlodipine actually has an anti-osteoporosis effect through inhibition of L-type calcium channels by stimulating the inositol triphosphate receptor, releasing calcium intracellular, or stopping osteoclast activation and maturation. 18,[28][29][30] This study only assessed and focused on the macrostructure of mandibular cortical thickness and shape.…”

“…27 A research in Wistar rats given amlodipine showed insignificant changes in bone, 18 other stated amlodipine impairs the bone marrow morphology, 19 while some researchers wrote that amlodipine actually has an anti-osteoporosis effect through inhibition of L-type calcium channels by stimulating the inositol triphosphate receptor, releasing calcium intracellular, or stopping osteoclast activation and maturation. 18,[28][29][30] This study only assessed and focused on the macrostructure of mandibular cortical thickness and shape. Therefore, further research using a microstructural or molecular approach is indispensable.…”