Effects of Amygdaloid Lesions on Reproductive Function of Grouped Caged Mice

Pasley, James N.; Powell, Ervin W.; Cernosek, R.M. Gutierrez; Cernosek, Stanley F.

doi:10.1159/000122731

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The most often used chronic stress models include chronic mild stress, social defeat, chronic subordinate colony housing and social isolation (Toth and Neumann, 2013). Although rodents in overcrowding conditions were studied since the 1970s (Gartner et al, 1973; Pasley et al, 1978; vom Saal and Howard, 1982), they were mostly focused on the reproductive and immunological consequences of overcrowding. There were only a handful of studies that examined the behavioral and metabolic effects of social crowding in mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice

Lin

Sun

Choi

et al. 2015

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Summary Stress is a widely recognized risk factor for psychiatric and metabolic disorders. A number of animal models utilizing various stressors have been developed to facilitate our understanding in the pathophysiology of stress-related dysfunctions. The most commonly used chronic stress paradigms include the unpredictable chronic mild stress paradigm, the social defeat paradigm and the social deprivation paradigm. Here we assess the potential of social crowding as an alternative chronic stress model to study the effects on affective behaviors and metabolic disturbances. Ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were housed in groups of four (control) or eight (social crowding; SC) in standard cage for 9 weeks. Exploration, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors were assessed in the open field test, the elevated T-maze, the novelty-suppressed test, and the forced swim test. SC mice exhibited a modest anxiety-like phenotype without change in depressive-like behaviors. Nine weeks of social crowding did not affect the body weight, but robustly increased adiposity as determined by increased mass of fat depots. Consistent with the increased fat content, serum leptin was markedly elevated in the SC mice. Specific changes in gene expression were also observed in the hypothalamus and the white adipose tissue following SC housing. Our study demonstrates the potential of social crowding as an alternative model for the study of stress-related metabolic and behavioral dysfunctions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice

Lin

Sun

Choi

et al. 2015

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…Evidence that the amygdala is mediating the effect of at least some kind of external stimulation on sex hormone levels is provided by Pasley, Powell, Cernosek, and Cernosek (1978). Grouped or singly caged male and female mice were given lesions of the amygdala and compared with controls on several measures of reproductive function.…”

Section: Limbic System Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

A match-mismatch theory of limbic system function

Cormier

1981

Psychobiology

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The contributions of three key limbic system structures-the amygdala, the hippocampus, and the septum-to human and animal behavior are analyzed, focusing primarily on learning and motivational variables. The amygdala is assumed to be part of a stimulus-analyzing system involved in the processing of reinforcers and salient cues. This system contributes to the formation of conditioned reinforcers and, thus, to the ability of arbitrary cues to control species specific behavior. The hippocampus is assumed to be part of a different stimulus-analyzing system which processes nonsalient stimuli. It habituates all stimuli not associated with reinforcement, this process occurring on any nonreinforced presentation. However, those nonsalient stimuli followed by reinforcement are registered as secondary cues. These cues are devoid of conditioned reinforcing properties. The septum is viewed as a coordinating structure that handles the flow of information between these two systems. The principles of operation of these structures are based on neurological and behavioral data from both animals and humans.

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“…It is generally accepted that the adenohypophysis is controlled by neurohumors released in the external layer of the median eminence from axon terminals oftuberoinfundibular neurones. The amygdala has been shown to influence adenohypophysial hormone secretion (e.g., Beltramino & Taleisnik, 1978;Pasley et al 1978). Thus the present finding that axon collaterals of tuberoinfundibular neurones mediate synpatic inputs to a significant number of amygdala neurones suggests the possibility that the physiological role of the neural pathway may be to mediate feed-back information on hypothalamic control of the adenohypophysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Amygdala neurones: converging synaptic inputs produced by median eminence and medial preoptic area stimulations in rats

Hamamura¹,

Yagi²

1980

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Amygdaloid afferent inputs from the median eminence and the medial preoptic area were studied electrophysiologically in urethane-anaesthetized female rats.2. Stimulation of the surface of the median eminence produced orthodromic responses in about 80 % of the forty-seven amygdala units tested and about 65 % of the responsive cells showed an excitation.3. Stimulation of the ipsilateral medial preoptic area orthodromically excited seventeen and inhibited twenty of the forty-nine units tested. 4. Stimulation of the contralateral medial preoptic area evoked orthodromic excitation in nine and inhibition in three of the twenty-two units tested. These stimuli were ineffective for producing antidromically conducted impulses in the tested units.5. Sixteen of the thirty amygdala units tested for responses to both median eminence and ipsilateral medial preoptic area stimulation responded orthodromically with either excitation or inhibition. The latency of the response to median eminence stimulation was approximately equal to that of the response to ipsilateral preoptic area stimulation in four of these sixteen units.6. A characteristic bursting discharge was observed in eleven amygdala units during and after ipsilateral preoptic area stimulation. A transitory inhibition was evoked simultaneously with the bursting discharge in some units. Seven of the eleven units were also tested for median eminence stimulation, and a transitory excitation was observed in each of these units.7. These results suggest the existence of converging synaptic inputs both from tuberoinfundibular neurones and the ipsilateral medial preoptic area to certain amygdala neurones. They also demonstrate the existence of a specific neural pathway mediating a characteristic self-sustained bursting discharge in some amygdala neurones after such stimulation.

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Effects of Amygdaloid Lesions on Reproductive Function of Grouped Caged Mice

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice

Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice

A match-mismatch theory of limbic system function

Amygdala neurones: converging synaptic inputs produced by median eminence and medial preoptic area stimulations in rats

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