Effects of an extreme flood on river morphology (case study: Karoon River, Iran)

Yousefi, Saleh; Mirzaee, Somayeh; Keesstra, Saskia; Surian, Nicola; Pourghasemi, Hamid Reza; Zakizadeh, Hamid Reza; Tabibian, Sahar

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.12.034

Cited by 75 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…One of these key pieces of information is a flood potential map (Papaioannou et al 2018). Morphological changes caused by human activities can have a significant impact on changing the conditions for floods (Yousefi et al 2018). So that, urbanization, deforestation, and the impact of climate change on rainfall characteristics in susceptible areas may all contribute to an increase in flooding (Kundzewicz et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood susceptibility mapping using an improved analytic network process with statistical models

Yariyan

Avand

Abbaspour

et al. 2020

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

105

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Flooding is a natural disaster that causes considerable damage to different sectors and severely affects economic and social activities. The city of Saqqez in Iran is susceptible to flooding due to its specific environmental characteristics. Therefore, susceptibility and vulnerability mapping are essential for comprehensive management to reduce the harmful effects of flooding. The primary purpose of this study is to combine the Analytic Network Process (ANP) decision-making method and the statistical models of Frequency Ratio (FR), Evidential Belief Function (EBF), and Ordered Weight Average (OWA) for flood susceptibility mapping in Saqqez City in Kurdistan Province, Iran. The frequency ratio method was used instead of expert opinions to weight the criteria in the ANP. The ten factors influencing flood susceptibility in the study area are slope, rainfall, slope length, topographic wetness index, slope aspect, altitude, curvature, distance from river, geology, and land use/land cover. We identified 42 flood points in the area, 70% of which was used for modelling, and the remaining 30% was used to validate the models. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the results. The area under the curve obtained from the ROC curve indicates a superior performance of the ANP and EBF hybrid model (ANP-EBF) with 95.1% efficiency compared to the combination of ANP and FR (ANP-FR) with 91% and ANP and OWA (ANP-OWA) with 89.6% efficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood susceptibility mapping using an improved analytic network process with statistical models

Yariyan

Avand

Abbaspour

et al. 2020

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

105

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“…Although there has also been an increase in the land use within the lower reaches of the channel, which by itself causes erosion and widening, due to the constant flooding, depositional processes rather than erosional processes are observed to expand the channel capacity. This is achieved by an increase in the number of bars and obstructions and increasing the cross-sectional area associated with the flood plain as a result of the reduction in the kinetic energy of the floods and the possible presence of manmade disturbances (Yousefi et al 2017). Generally, the Niger River is observed to have an increase in negative change (erosion) during the assessment period, with erosion increasing to an average of 5% in the period between 2005-2015 from an average of 4% in the previous years be- tween 1995tween -2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel characteristics and planform dynamics of the lower Niger River, Niger Delta Basin (1985–2015)

Akana

Adeigbe

2020

geol

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This study used repeat satellite imagery and Geographic Information System analysis to assess the plan-form dynamics along the length of the lower Niger River Valley from Onitsha city to the coast between 1985 and 2015. The aim is to understand the altered dynamics and its plausible causes in this data-poor region. Analyses revealed that the Niger River has undergone change corresponding to enhanced instability in terms of an increased rate of erosion. In the study area, a change was observed from 3.7% of deposition in the first 10 years (1985–1995) to 3.9% of erosion in the next 10 years (1995–2005) and 4.7% of erosion in the last 10 years (2005–2015). Total erosion over the 30-year period (1985–2015) in the delta was calculated on 4.8%. The river channel has migrated toward the east in the upper and lower reaches while the mid-section of the channel is migrating towards the west. The east river bank is observed to be more unstable compared to west bank line through the study period. The maximum shifts identified were 3.35 km of deposition in 10 years (1985–1995), 3.31 km of erosion in the next 10 years (1995–2005), and another substantial erosional shift of 3.35 km in the next 10 years (2005–2015). Avulsion rates gradually moved from −42.1 m ∙ year−1 (1985–2005, segment F) to 100.2 m ∙ year−1 (1985–1995, segment D), large deposition in the first 10 years. Total avulsion rates of the delta in the last 30 years (1985–2015) has pointed on erosion (−2.2 m ∙ year−1). The altered dynamics observed would likely threaten the future of the frag-ile lower river system environment and raise concerns for operators with infrastructure within the Niger Delta.

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“…In this scenario, fluvial transport was dictated by precipitation and run-off in distant areas that experienced a different rainfall regime to that in the receiving arid basins. Indeed, braided rivers have been identified in arid and semiarid regions flowing over similarly long distances (~250-750 km) with respect to those of the Early Triassic fluvial system of Great Britain (Fotherby, 2009;Miall, 1977;Yousefi et al, 2018). Group of Great Britain (Brookfield, 2004(Brookfield, , 2008Hounslow & Ruffell, 2006;McKie & Shannon, 2011;McKie & Williams, 2009;Warrington et al, 1980).…”

Section: Palaeoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary flow heterogeneities in the Triassic U.K. Sherwood Sandstone Group: Insights for hydrocarbon exploration

2018

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Fluvial and aeolian sedimentary successions host important hydrocarbon resources as well as major groundwater aquifers. This review of the lithological characteristics of Triassic fluvio‐aeolian successions of the Sherwood Sandstone Group (United Kingdom) demonstrates how distance from a fluvial sediment source and rate of rift‐related tectonic subsidence play important roles in governing reservoir quality in continental successions. Increasing distance from the fluvial sediment source area results in increased porosity and permeability in deposits of mixed fluvial and aeolian reservoir successions that accumulated in arid and semiarid settings. Indeed, successions of the U.K. Sherwood Sandstone Group reveal an increase in the proportion of highly permeable deposits of aeolian origin with increasing distance from the principal uplands, represented by the Armorican Massif in northern France, which formed the main source for delivery of fluvial sediment to a series of rift basins. A progressive reduction in the discharge of fluvial systems entering and passing through a series of interlinked rift basins encouraged aeolian accumulation in more distal basins. Extensional tectonics enabled preservation of highly permeable aeolian facies in basins subject to high rates (≳100 m/Myr) of tectonic subsidence by rapidly placing such deposits below the water table. However, successions exclusively characterized by fluvial lithofacies record decreases in both porosity and permeability with increasing distance (~250–750 km) from the sediment source due to the coupling of porosity reduction and increasing clay content.

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Effects of an extreme flood on river morphology (case study: Karoon River, Iran)

Cited by 75 publications

References 50 publications

Flood susceptibility mapping using an improved analytic network process with statistical models

Flood susceptibility mapping using an improved analytic network process with statistical models

Channel characteristics and planform dynamics of the lower Niger River, Niger Delta Basin (1985–2015)

Sedimentary flow heterogeneities in the Triassic U.K. Sherwood Sandstone Group: Insights for hydrocarbon exploration

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