Effects of an Herbal Source of Choline on Diet Digestibility and Palatability, Blood Lipid Profile, Liver Morphology, and Cardiac Function in Dogs

Nascimento, Rosandra Colpani do; Souza, Camilla Mariane Menezes; Bastos, Taís Silvino; Kaelle, Gislaine Cristina Bill; Oliveira, Simone Gisele de; Félix, Ananda Portella

doi:10.3390/ani12192658

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…By analyzing the pH of the fresh feces of dogs, it was shown that the long-term consumption of either low-or high-energy diets caused fecal acidification, which was related to the metabolites in the feces and the composition of the gut microbiota, in several studies on canine nutrition [50][51][52][76][77][78]. Based on the above, the total SCFAs in the feces were measured in this study and were increased significantly in the Le group, especially for acetic acid and butyric acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Diet Energy Levels Alter Body Condition, Glucolipid Metabolism, Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites in Adult Beagle Dogs

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2023

Metabolites

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Diet energy is a key component of pet food, but it is usually ignored during pet food development and pet owners also have limited knowledge of its importance. This study aimed to explore the effect of diet energy on the body condition, glucolipid metabolism, fecal microbiota and metabolites of adult beagles and analyze the relation between diet and host and gut microbiota. Eighteen healthy adult neutered male beagles were selected and randomly divided into three groups. Diets were formulated with three metabolizable energy (ME) levels: the low-energy (Le) group consumed a diet of 13.88 MJ/kg ME; the medium-energy (Me) group consumed a diet of 15.04 MJ/kg ME; and the high-energy (He) group consumed a diet of 17.05 MJ/kg ME. Moreover, the protein content of all these three diets was 29%. The experiment lasted 10 weeks, with a two-week acclimation period and an eight-week test phase. Body weight, body condition score (BCS), muscle condition score (MCS) and body fat index (BFI) decreased in the Le group, and the changes in these factors in the Le group were significantly higher than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The serum glucose and lipid levels of the Le and He groups changed over time (p < 0.05), but those of the Me group were stable (p > 0.05). The fecal pH of the Le and He groups decreased at the end of the trial (p < 0.05) and we found that the profiles of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs) changed greatly, especially secondary BAs (p < 0.05). As SCFAs and secondary BAs are metabolites of the gut microbiota, the fecal microbiota was also measured. Fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing found that the Me group had higher α-diversity indices (p < 0.05). The Me group had notably higher levels of gut probiotics, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides plebeius and Blautia producta (p < 0.05). The diet–host–fecal microbiota interactions were determined by network analysis, and fecal metabolites may help to determine the best physical condition of dogs, assisting pet food development. Overall, feeding dogs low- or high-energy diets was harmful for glucostasis and promoted the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria in the gut, while a medium-energy diet maintained an ideal body condition. We concluded that dogs that are fed a low-energy diet for an extended period may become lean and lose muscle mass, but diets with low energy levels and 29% protein may not supply enough protein for dogs losing weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Diet Energy Levels Alter Body Condition, Glucolipid Metabolism, Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites in Adult Beagle Dogs

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2023

Metabolites

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“…It is hence of great interest for manufacturers to better understand palatability drivers and adapt their formulations to increase the palatability of veterinary food [34]. Many studies have been recently conducted on new ingredients or formulations for their healthbeneficial effects (such as insect-, plant-, and algal-based meals or byproducts) looking at their impact on pet conditions (weight, digestion, cardiology, immunity) and palatability, offering new opportunities in pet food nutrition and potentially the veterinary pet food range [38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Supporting Health With Veterinary Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights to Study, Understand and Manage Extruded Dry Pet Food Palatability

Le Guillas,

Vanacker,

Salles

et al. 2024

Animals

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Pet food production is a fast-growing industry. While extruded dry pet food is the favored pet food due to its convenience of use, it may have poorer palatability than other pet foods such as wet pet foods. However, palatability plays a pivotal role in meeting nutritional requirements or providing therapeutic benefits in cats and dogs, as it ensures food acceptance. Thus, both academics and manufacturers conduct routine palatability tests to assess acceptance and preference of products among pets, alongside sensory analyses involving human panels. Palatability is greatly influenced by species-specific and environmental factors in cats and dogs. The review will hence present the current knowledge on palatability assessment and animal food perception; it will then aim to explore strategies for effectively managing palatability in dry pet food by examining the impact of key ingredients and process parameters on the finished product’s palatability. Moreover, the demands and needs for sustainable and healthier products as well as supply constraints present novel challenges and opportunities for academics and manufacturers.

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Herbal choline as an alternative to choline chloride in the diet of nursery piglets

Godoi,

Alves,

Dias

et al. 2023

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the replacement of choline chloride supplementation by herbal choline in the diet of nursery piglets. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks (initial weight and sex) with 80 piglets, in five treatments, with eight replicates. The treatments consisted of: negative control, basal diet supplemented with 300 mg kg-1 choline via choline chloride, basal diet supplemented with 600 mg kg-1 choline via choline chloride, basal diet supplemented with 100 mg kg-1 herbal choline, and basal diet supplemented with 200 mg kg-1 herbal choline. Zootechnical performance data, blood parameters, and economic viability were analyzed. Herbal choline supplementation increases the body weight and daily feed intake of nursery piglets. The supplementation with 100 mg kg-1 herbal choline presents the highest return on investment. Herbal choline can be used as a source of choline supplementation in the diet of nursery piglets to replace choline chloride.

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Effects of an Herbal Source of Choline on Diet Digestibility and Palatability, Blood Lipid Profile, Liver Morphology, and Cardiac Function in Dogs

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Different Diet Energy Levels Alter Body Condition, Glucolipid Metabolism, Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites in Adult Beagle Dogs

Different Diet Energy Levels Alter Body Condition, Glucolipid Metabolism, Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites in Adult Beagle Dogs

Insights to Study, Understand and Manage Extruded Dry Pet Food Palatability

Herbal choline as an alternative to choline chloride in the diet of nursery piglets

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