Effects of angiotensin peptides on colonic motility in rats

Abstract

Purpose: Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the pathophysiology of colonic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether small angiotensins (Angs) peptides play a role in the regulation of colonic motility and their roles are modulated in colitis.Methods: Experimental colitis was induced by an intake of 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) dissolved in tap water for 7 days in Sprague-Dawley rats. After sacrifice, plasma hormone concentrations and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for RAS were measured. Functional analysis of colonic motility in response to Angs peptides was performed using Taenia coli.Results: DSS-treated colon showed an increased necrosis with massive infiltration of inflammatory cells. The mRNA level of colonic angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2R) in DSS-treated rats was higher than that in control rats whereas the mRNA levels of angiotensin II converting enzyme (ACE), ACE2, AT1R, AT4R, and Mars receptor were not different from those in control rats. Ang III, Ang IV, and Ang-(1-9) (1, 3 μM) increased the frequency of basal colonic motility. Ang-(1-7) did not cause any significant changes in frequency and amplitude of basal motility. The order of potency for an increased frequency of basal motility seems to be Ang II>>Ang IV>Ang III=Ang-(1-9). The increased frequency of basal motility by Ang-(1-9) but not Ang IV was significantly enhanced in DSS-treated rat colon.Conclusion: In conclusion, these data suggest that small Angs peptides are partly involved in the pathophysiological regulation of colonic motility in experimental colitis.

Systematic-Narrative Hybrid Literature Review: Crosstalk between Gastrointestinal Renin–Angiotensin and Dopaminergic Systems in the Regulation of Intestinal Permeability by Tight Junctions

“…Table 2 lists the key RAS components expressed in the healthy human and rodent GI tract. jejunal enterocytes (WB, r); small intestinal enterocytes (brush border), smooth muscle cells and endothelium of vessels from the stomach, small intestine and colon, smooth muscle cells of the muscularis mucosae and the muscularis propria (IHC, h); along the villi and in the crypts of duodenum and terminal ileum, as well as in crypts in ascending colon (IHC, h); jejunum and colon (WB, r) [96,103,106,112,114,120,121] Abbreviations: IHC-immunohistochemistry, h-human samples, N/A-not available, m-murine samples, r-rat samples, RIA-radioimmunoassay, WB-Western blotting.…”

“…Thus, the ACE2:B 0 AT1 functional unit is not only important for multiple gut lumen activities in the rodent and human small intestine [120,147,150], including the metabolism of nutritive and bioactive peptides, as well as the absorption of sodium and organic nutrients [173], but should also modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Unlike B 0 AT1, ACE2 is expressed along the small and large intestine (Table 2) [86,103,106,112,114,121,128]. In rats, aging was associated with a decrease in ACE2 levels and its activity, which was associated with fibrogenic and proinflammatory intestinal conditions [174].…”