Effects of anti-thymocyte serum on the eosinophil and lysophospholipase responses in mice infected withTrichinella spiralis

Abstract

Anti-thymocyte serum (ATS) was administered to CD-1 mice infected with 100 Trichinella spiralis larvae and its effects on intestinal lysophospholipase (EC 3.1.1.5) activity, peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow, peripheral blood and intestinal eosinophilia were assayed in the same experimental animal. The ATS caused a significant suppression of both the tissue lysophospholipase response and eosinophilia, in all three compartments, when compared to the values found in infected mice that were either treated with normal rabbit serum (NRS) or untreated. The suppressed eosinophil response and reduced lysophospholipase activity demonstrated a close temporal relation throughout the experiment. These findings support the hypothesis that helminth parasite-induced eosinophilia is the cause of increased lysophospholipase activity present in parasitized tissue and that the responses are thymus cell dependent.

Crystal structure of human Charcot–Leyden crystal protein, an eosinophil lysophospholipase, identifies it as a new member of the carbohydrate-binding family of galectins

“…Alternatively, this LPLase may protect eosinophils from lysophospholipids and other toxic parasite products. Another possibility is a direct anti-parasitic effect by hydrolyzing lysophospholipids in the cuticle of parasite targets [60,61]. The fact that eosinophils (and basophils) contain such large quantities of this enzyme suggests a role for these cells and CLC protein in the metabolism of lysophosphoglycerides that may be generated in inflammatory foci by neutrophils, in anaphylactic reactions by mast cells, directly by pathogenic microorganisms, or by helminth parasites such as schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni [61].…”

Stimulation of Leukocyte Lysophospholipase Activity by Noninfectious Agents

“…Neutrophil enzyme activity is not dependent on previous exposure of cells to the stimulating agent and occurs in the absence of sensitized T lymphocytes, a finding that differs with the model of eosinophil LPL activity proposed by Adewusi and Goven (22,23). This nonspecific LPL activity of neutrophils suggests a difference in their role in LPL activity during an inflammatory response, in comparison to eosinophils.…”

“…The difference between this primary LPL activity and that of immune-mediated enzyme activity following exposure to antigen is related to a cell cooperation between T lymphocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils (22,23). T lymphocyte activation is a necessary part of immune-mediated LPL activity and eosinophils or basophils are thought to be the cells containing the enzyme (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

In vitro and in vivo effects of rabbit anti‐thymocyte serum on circulating leucocytes and production of complement fixing antibodies in thymectomized Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) infected with Cryptobia salmositica Katz 1951

“…These studies show that T-like cells either did not multiply in thymectomized fish or multiplied very slowly in the absence of the thymus. Adewusi & Goven (1987) treated CD mice with 0.3 ml of RATS 4 days before and every day after infection with Trichinella spiralis. This suppressed the eosinophilic response and intestinal lysophospholipase activity without mortality of experimental animals.…”