Effects of antidepressant treatment and of gender on serum leptin levels in patients with major depression

Eşel, Ertuğrul; Özsoy, Saliha; Tutuş, Ahmet; Sofuoğlu, Seher; Kartalcı, Şükrü; Bayram, Fahri; Kokbudak, Zaliha; Kula, Mustafa

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.01.009

Cited by 73 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It may be that leptin deficiency occurs in a subgroup of depressed patients. A very recent study reported that improvement from depression with antidepressant treatment is associated with an elevation of plasma leptin levels (34). The antidepressant-like activity of leptin identified by the present study in animal models suggests that leptin might be effective in the treatment of depression, particularly for those patients with low leptin levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Leptin: A potential novel antidepressant

Kim

Frazer

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

392

329

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Leptin, a hormone secreted from adipose tissue, was originally discovered to regulate body weight. The localization of the leptin receptor in limbic structures suggests a potential role for leptin in emotional processes. Here, we show that rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress and chronic social defeat exhibit low leptin levels in plasma. Systemic leptin treatment reversed the hedoniclike deficit induced by chronic unpredictable stress and improved behavioral despair dose-dependently in the forced swim test (FST), a model widely used for screening potential antidepressant efficacy. The behavioral effects of leptin in the FST were accompanied by increased neuronal activation in limbic structures, particularly in the hippocampus. Intrahippocampal infusion of leptin produced a similar antidepressant-like effect in the FST as its systemic administration. By contrast, infusion of leptin into the hypothalamus decreased body weight but had no effect on FST behavior. These findings suggest that: (i) impaired leptin production and secretion may contribute to chronic stress-induced depression-like phenotypes, (ii) the hippocampus is a brain site mediating leptin's antidepressant-like activity, and (iii) elevating leptin signaling in brain may represent a novel approach for the treatment of depressive disorders.depression ͉ hippocampus ͉ stress ͉ forced swim test ͉ social defeat

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Leptin: A potential novel antidepressant

Kim

Frazer

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

392

329

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A follow-up study showed that bone loss over 24 months was significantly greater in depressed subjects than in controls. It was clinically indicated that bone mass was generally lower in depressed men compared to non-depressed men, and bone loss in depressed men was greater than in depressed women [38,39]. A large cross-sectional study of 2,000 men aged 65 to 92 years was conducted concerning the relationship between depression and BMD in men [35].…”

Section: Relationship Between Chronic Psychological Stress and Osteopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Psychological Stress as a Risk Factor of Osteoporosis

Chen

Adachi

Hayashi

et al. 2015

J UOEH

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: Osteoporosis, the most common metabolic skeletal disease, is characterized by decreased bone mass and deteriorated bone quality, leading to increased fracture risk. With the aging of the population, osteoporotic fracture is an important public health issue. Organisms are constantly exposed to various stressful stimuli that affect physiological processes. Recent studies showed that chronic psychological stress is a risk factor for osteoporosis by various signaling pathways. The purpose of this article is to review the recent progress of the association between chronic psychological stress and osteoporosis. Increasing evidence confirms the physiological importance of the central nervous system, especially the hypothalamus, in the regulation of bone metabolism. Both animal and human studies indicate that chronic psychological stress induces a decrease of bone mass and deterioration of bone quality by influencing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, sympathetic nervous system, and other endocrine, immune factors. Active mastication, proven to be an effective stress-coping behavior, can attenuate stress-induced neuroendocrine responses and ameliorate stress-induced bone loss. Therefore, active mastication may represent a useful approach in preventing and/or treating chronic stress-associated osteoporosis. We also discuss several potential mechanisms involved in the interaction between chronic stress, mastication and osteoporosis. Chronic stress activates the HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system, suppresses the secretion of gonadal hormone and growth hormone, and increases inflammatory cytokines, eventually leading to bone loss by inhibiting bone formation and stimulating bone resorption.

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“…On the contrary, other studies showed that patients with different types or symptoms of depression, such as atypical depressive disorders, depressed mood and sleep disturbances as well as social isolation, had higher leptin levels than a control group [47,5456] . Researchers who investigated the effects of leptin on antidepressant treatments found out that leptin was increased during drug treatment [42,57] . As far as anxiety is concerned, Lawson et al [45] found that increased symptoms of anxiety were related with low levels of leptin, independent of BMI and weight, supporting that leptin is an antistress hormone (Table 1).…”

Section: Leptin's Role In Mood Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood disorders: A potential link between ghrelin and leptin on human body?

Zarouna

Wozniak

2015

WJEM

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Leptin and ghrelin are two hormones associated with multiple physiological functions, especially energy balance. Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone discovered in 1950 and ghrelin which was found in 1999, is a peptide hormone produced and secreted in the stomach. A number of previous studies showed that these hormones could be associated with different types of mood disorders. The results of previous studies, nevertheless, are confounded by diverse sample selection and different methodologies. A search for related articles in the PubMed database was attempted. The search covered studies, reports, reviews and editorials published in the last ten years. Older references served as auxiliary sources for comparison purposes. However, due to the different results of the studies, there is a need for more investigation in order to establish the exact biochemical mechanisms that are responsible for these diseases and ghrelin's and leptin's effects on mood. Core tip: Mood disorders are affecting a major amount of the world population. Considering the multiple factors that are contributing in the development of mood disorders, this review emphasizes on the role of leptin and ghrelin hormones. These two hormones have a key role in energy balance but they also have an effect on other physiological functions too, therefore we emphasize on the recent findings which raise a potential link between the hormones and the disorders of mood.

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Effects of antidepressant treatment and of gender on serum leptin levels in patients with major depression

Cited by 73 publications

References 30 publications

Leptin: A potential novel antidepressant

Leptin: A potential novel antidepressant

Chronic Psychological Stress as a Risk Factor of Osteoporosis

Mood disorders: A potential link between ghrelin and leptin on human body?

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