Effects of antifouling paint components (TBTO, copper and triazine) on the early development of embryos in cod (Gadus morhua L.)

Granmo, Åke; Ekelund, Rolf; Sneli, Jon-Arne; Berggren, Martin; Svavarsson, Jörundur

doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(02)00170-4

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This may be due to an increased permeability of the perivitelline membrane and impairment of active ion excretion leading to loss of water and inflow of ions into the egg to make the perivitelline liquid less hypo-osmotic and the egg less buoyant. [41] In the case of larvae (Fig. 5), the morphological alterations begin to be observed at 0.05 mg/L (reduction of pigmentation) and 0.1 mg/L copper (spinal cord deformation).…”

Section: Morphological Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Evaluation of acute copper toxicity during early life stages of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata

Oliva

Garrido

Pérez

et al. 2007

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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In this study, the effects of exposure to copper (mortality and morphological alterations) on the early life stages of the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, were examined. Eggs/embryos and larvae were exposed to nominal concentrations of copper ranging from 0.0001 to 10 mg/L Cu (II) in the tests with eggs/embryos and 0.025 to 0.5 mg/L Cu (II) in the test with larvae. Duration of the assays was 48 hours for embryos and 96 hours for larvae. A high percentage of mortality was observed in embryos exposed to 0.1 mg/L (97.2%) and in larvae exposed to 0.5 mg/L (100%). The embryos proved the most sensitive to copper for the same duration of exposure. The acute toxicity expressed as LC(50) 48 hours was 0.054 (0.048-0.058) mg/L for embryos and 0.261 (0.182- 0.375) mg/L for larvae. Morphological alterations or abnormalities in embryos included irregular shapes of chorion, opacity and vitellus retraction/degeneration. In larvae we observed poor capacity to swim, trembling, myoskeletal defects, opacity and exophthalmia. Histopathological alterations are observed in S. aurata larvae. Mucous cells of the digestive tissue present a severe alteration with an increment of exudates. A great cellular disorganization in the renal tissue is observed. Results from this work indicate the high sensitivity of early life stages of Sparus aurata to copper (II) and the persistence of sublethal effects.

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Section: Morphological Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…[41] It is known that the pelagic embryos of fish have an ability to actively regulate their buoyancy. The gain or loss of water is one important factor and one way it may be regulated is by change of osmolarity in the ripening egg by control of protein hydrolysis.…”

Section: Morphological Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of acute copper toxicity during early life stages of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata

Oliva

Garrido

Pérez

et al. 2007

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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“…In the estuarine environments, TBT concentrates primarily in the sediments and SMIC, reaching concentrations of up to 1,000-fold more in the SMIC than in the water column [14]. Toxicity studies using TBT have been conducted on algae, fish, crustaceans, and mollusks, demonstrating increased mortality, teratological responses, retarded hatching, declining growth rates, reproductive failure, and physical deformities, including tail flexures and scoliosis [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute lethal and teratogenic effects of tributyltin chloride and copper chloride on mahi mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) eggs and larvae

Adema-Hannes

Shenker

2008

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Acute and chronic bioassays were used to evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of copper chloride and tributyltin chloride on mahi mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) embryos, a pelagic life stage often found in the surface microlayer where anthropogenic contaminants can accumulate. Acute bioassay testing determined the median lethal concentration (LC50) for the test organism after 48 h of exposure. Chronic toxicity tests were used to determine the measurement of sublethal parameters, such as developmental abnormalities after 72-h exposures to the toxicants. Embryos were collected 4 h postfertilization and subsequently exposed to 1, 5, 25, 50, and 100 microg/L of copper chloride and 3, 10, 20, 30, and 50 microg/L of tributyltin chloride. Analysis of hatch rate percentage determined that the mean 48-h LC50 of copper chloride and tributyltin chloride was 32.8 and 16.7 microg/L, respectively, based on the pooled data of four experiments with four replicates for each metal. Consistent abnormalities, such as yolk sac swelling, spinal deformities, and decreased hatch rates, were observed for each metal. Teratogenic responses to copper chloride and tributyltin chloride demonstrate the need to investigate further the impacts of pollution in the open oceans to a species indigenous to, and commercially important to, the Florida (USA) coasts. This information could then lead to the future development of a surface microlayer bioassay using mahi mahi embryos.

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“…This is also supported by no significant elevation of metallothionein gene transcription in hatched larvae, a sensitive marker for induction of metal detoxification mechanisms (Dorts et al ). Previous studies on cod embryos and larvae found elevated mortality in larvae exposed to nominal concentrations of 11.5 μg/L Cu (Granmo et al ) and prolonged developmental time and morphological abnormalities including spinal deformations, decreased hatching rate, and reduced larval viability after exposure to nominal Cu concentrations of approximately 10 μg/L (Swedmark and Granmo ). It is highly unlikely that the increased larval mortality in the present study was due to metal toxicity from exposure concentrations below expected toxic levels, with maximum water concentrations of 0.4 μg/L bioavailable Cu and no indication of bioaccumulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of Mine Tailings Exposure on Early Life Stages of Atlantic Cod

Reinardy¹,

Pedersen

Nahrgang

et al. 2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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In Norway, mine tailings waste can be deposited by coastal submarine dispersal. Mine tailings slurry includes fine particles <10 µm with elevated levels of metals (e.g., copper, iron) from residual mineral ore. Prolonged suspension of small particles in the water column may bring them into contact with locally spawned pelagic fish eggs, including Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. Newly fertilized cod embryos were exposed to suspended mine tailings particles up to 3.2 mg/L in flow‐through aquaria for a total of 21 d. Significantly more particles adhered to the surface of the chorion from the high treatment after 11‐d exposure, and dissolved Cu concentrations increased in the water (up to 0.36 ± 0.06 µg/L). There was no adverse effect on embryo mortality but an 8% elevation in larval mortality. There were no differences with treatment on timing of hatching, embryo and larva morphometrics, abnormalities, or cardiac activity. There was a treatment‐dependent up‐regulation of stress marker genes (hspa8, cyp1c1) but no indication of metal‐induced activation of metallothionien (mt gene transcription). Transcription markers for DNA and histone methyltransferases did show treatment‐related up‐regulation, indicative of altered methylation in larvae when developmental methylation patterns are determined, indicating some level of chronic toxicity that may have longer‐term effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1446–1454. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.

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Effects of antifouling paint components (TBTO, copper and triazine) on the early development of embryos in cod (Gadus morhua L.)

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of acute copper toxicity during early life stages of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata

Evaluation of acute copper toxicity during early life stages of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata

Acute lethal and teratogenic effects of tributyltin chloride and copper chloride on mahi mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) eggs and larvae

Effects of Mine Tailings Exposure on Early Life Stages of Atlantic Cod

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