Effects of Archery Hunter Numbers and Opening Dates on Elk Movement

Vieira, Mark E. P.; Conner, Mary M.; White, Gary C.; Freddy, David J.

doi:10.2307/3802678

Cited by 39 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In our study area, hunting pressure was greater in the archery season than the rifle season. Accordingly, we found that elk selection for most covariates associated with mitigating hunting risk was greater during the archery than the rifle season, similar to other areas with high archery hunting pressure (Vieira et al ). If elk move to areas restricting hunter access during archery season, these effects may carry over into rifle season, leaving fewer elk accessible for harvest during rifle season when the majority of the harvest occurs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Hunter access affects elk resource selection in the Missouri breaks, Montana

et al. 2016

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Elk (Cervus canadensis) populations that exceed socially tolerable population levels create problems with private landowners over property damage and competition with livestock. Increasing harvest of adult female elk is the primary management tool for curtailing elk population growth and reducing elk populations. However, this tool is not effective when elk are not accessible to hunters during hunting seasons. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the effects of hunter access and other landscape factors on second‐order and third‐order elk resource selection during the archery and rifle hunting seasons in 2 populations: the Missouri River Breaks (MRB) and Larb Hills, Montana, USA. In our resource selection models, we first treated the individual elk‐year as the sampling unit to estimate individual‐level selection coefficients and second, we pooled data from all individuals to estimate population‐level selection coefficients. Second‐order population‐level selection coefficients indicated that elk in MRB and Larb Hills selected home ranges in areas with no hunter access, and hunter access was the strongest predictor of second‐order selection. Similarly, third‐order population‐level selection coefficients indicated elk in both populations selected locations within their seasonal home range with no hunter access, and the strength of selection for locations with no hunter access was stronger in the archery season than the rifle season. However, individual models revealed that although third‐order population‐level selection for locations with no hunter access was strong, only 46% of elk in the MRB selected for no hunter access during the archery season and 24% of elk selected for no hunter access during the rifle season. Additionally, the majority of all elk locations in the MRB (i.e., 68% of archery locations, 91% of rifle locations) occurred in areas accessible to hunters. These results highlight that population‐level selection coefficients may not always represent individual selection patterns, and we recommend employing a combination of population‐level and individual animal models as the basis of developing biological inferences. Even if hunter access is restricted in a relatively small geographic area within an elk population range, those areas may have a disproportionate effect on elk distributions and prevent effective harvest of female elk to maintain populations at objective levels (i.e., 1,700–2,000 elk). Working cooperatively with stakeholders to minimize elk harboring is necessary for curtailing further elk population increases and maintaining a distribution of elk across public and private lands. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Hunter access affects elk resource selection in the Missouri breaks, Montana

et al. 2016

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“…However, elk selection for areas that restricted hunting access occurred during the rifle hunting period and persisted throughout the post‐hunting period in both areas. These results contrast with findings from 2 similar studies in Colorado that document elk shift the timing of their movements to private lands in response to the beginning of the archery hunting season (Conner et al 2001, Vieira et al 2003). Differences in these results may be due to differences in the level of archery hunting pressure, or related to topographical and migration differences between areas (Conner et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Filtration Processes Using Precoat Materials

2016

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The highly efficient filtration of ultrafine dust emitted by biomass combustion processes with a baghouse filter has been successfully tested in the last years. To protect the filter material from the very small and sticky fine dust particles and to guarantee very high total collection efficiencies (> 99 %) in a long‐term stable process, the use of a precoat is necessary. Tests done in a laboratory and a real‐application plant show that the reuse of precoat materials can lead to significant savings. Considering the influences of different combustion processes, the associated precoat efficiencies could be calculated. With these characteristic ratios, it is possible to evaluate different process settings. Hence, the amount and the cost of the needed precoat could be reduced significantly.

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“…Hunting has been shown to affect ungulate flight distance and use of space and may also act as trigger for habitat shifts (Bender et al 1999;Millspaugh et al 2000;De Boer et al 2004). Ungulates may respond by moving towards refuges at the onset of or during the hunting season (Swenson 1982;Millspaugh et al 2000;Vieira et al 2003). However, Gill et al (2001) emphasize that staying in a particular habitat despite disturbance is not necessarily associated with un-disturbed wildlife, but could reflect the lack of alternative habitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The non-impact of hunting on moose Alces alces movement, diurnal activity, and activity range

2008

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Previous studies on moose Alces alces have suggested that interactions with humans may trigger antipredator behaviors and generate a demographical cost. Therefore, we hypothesized that disturbances from small and big game hunting may have negative effects on moose movements, diurnal activity, and activity range. Using location data from 64 moose equipped with GPS collars from three populations (Low Alpine, Inland, Coastal) with different temporal human presence and spatial accessibility, we evaluated the impact of hunting on moose activity rhythms. On average, female moose in the low human population density (Low Alpine) area (<0.5/km 2 ) had significantly lower movement rates during moose hunting season, but variation in movement rates among individuals were higher compared with female moose in regions with denser human populations (6-24/km 2 ). We found no evidence that reproductive status influenced female moose sensitivity to disturbance. As expected, females used smaller activity ranges and were less active nocturnally than males. The high within-group variation suggests that current hunting disturbance levels do not alter moose population behavior in general. Our data indicate that alterations in movement were related to rutting activity, not human disturbance induced by hunting. In line with behavioral theory, our study suggests that some individuals were more sensitive to hunting disturbance than the general population. Our work suggests that individual moose may perceive human predation risk to be similar to other predation risks.

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Effects of Archery Hunter Numbers and Opening Dates on Elk Movement

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Hunter access affects elk resource selection in the Missouri breaks, Montana

Hunter access affects elk resource selection in the Missouri breaks, Montana

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Filtration Processes Using Precoat Materials

The non-impact of hunting on moose Alces alces movement, diurnal activity, and activity range

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