Effects of Armillaria root disease on the growth of Picea mariana trees in the boreal plains of central Canada

Westwood, Alana R.; Conciatori, F.; Tardif, Jacques; Knowles, K.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2011.11.005

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[ 8 – 10 ]), and for tree growth in severe outbreaks of pest and pathogen infestations [ 11 , 12 ]. More limited or chronic effects of biotic factors on tree growth have been investigated in only a few pathosystems, such as Dothistroma needle blight on Pinus radiata in New Zealand [ 13 – 14 ], Swiss needle–cast caused by Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii on Pseudotsuga menziesii in New Zealand [ 15 ] or North West America [ 16 ], Armillaria root rot on various conifers [ 14 , 17 , 18 ] or Mycosphaerella leaf blights on Eucalyptus globulus [ 19 ]. As regards Quercus robur , only the effects of defoliation by insects have been investigated on mature trees [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powdery Mildew Decreases the Radial Growth of Oak Trees with Cumulative and Delayed Effects over Years

Bert¹,

Lasnier²,

Capdevielle³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Quercus robur and Q. petraea are major European forest tree species. They have been affected by powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe alphitoides for more than a century. This fungus is a biotrophic foliar pathogen that diverts photosynthetate from the plant for its own nutrition. We used a dendrochronological approach to investigate the effects of different levels of infection severity on the radial growth of young oak trees. Oak infection was monitored at individual tree level, at two sites in southwestern France, over a five-year period (2001–2005). Mean infection severity was almost 75% (infected leaf area) at the end of the 2001 growing season, at both sites, but only about 40% in 2002, and 8%, 5% and 2% in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. Infection levels varied considerably between trees and were positively related between 2001 and 2002. Increment cores were taken from each tree to assess annual ring widths and increases in basal area. Annual radial growth was standardised to take the effect of tree size into account. Annual standardised radial growth was significantly and negatively correlated with infection severity in the same year, for both 2001 and 2002, and at both sites. The decrease in growth reached 70–90% for highly infected trees. The earlywood width was poorly correlated with infection severity, but the proportion of latewood in tree rings was lower in highly infected trees (60%) than in less heavily infected trees (85%). Infection in 2001 and 2002 was found to have a cumulative effect on radial growth in these years, together with a delayed effect detectable in 2003. Thus, even non-lethal pathogens like powdery mildew can have a significant impact on tree functioning. This impact should be taken into account in growth and yield models, to improve predictions of forest net primary production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powdery Mildew Decreases the Radial Growth of Oak Trees with Cumulative and Delayed Effects over Years

Bert¹,

Lasnier²,

Capdevielle³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…; Lehtijärvi et al ; Westwood et al. ). Armillaria solidipes can form mats of dense mycelia (mycelial fans) beneath the bark of roots and basal stems, infecting sapwood and heartwood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most virulent species of Armillaria is A. solidipes (formerly A. ostoyae, Burdsall and Volk 2008; pending a motion for nomenclatural conservation, Hunt et al 2011), a causal agent of Armillaria root disease and one of the largest living organisms on earth (Ferguson et al 2003). It is a pathogen of primarily timber species across the Northern Hemisphere (Kile et al 1991), and it may act either as a primary pathogen, killing healthy young trees in the span of a few years or older trees over a period of several years in active disease centres, or as a secondary pathogen, infecting already compromised trees (Klutsch et al 2012;Lehtijärvi et al 2012;Westwood et al 2012). Armillaria solidipes can form mats of dense mycelia (mycelial fans) beneath the bark of roots and basal stems, infecting sapwood and heartwood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome of an Armillaria root disease pathogen reveals candidate genes involved in host substrate utilization at the host–pathogen interface

et al. 2013

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Summary Armillaria species display diverse ecological roles ranging from beneficial saprobe to virulent pathogen. Armillaria solidipes (formerly A. ostoyae), a causal agent of Armillaria root disease, is a virulent primary pathogen with a broad host range of woody plants across the Northern Hemisphere. This white‐rot pathogen grows between trees as rhizomorphs and attacks sapwood as mycelial fans under the bark. Armillaria root disease is responsible for reduced forest productivity due to direct tree mortality and non‐lethal infections that impact growth. Here, we characterize a transcriptome of a widespread, virulent genet (vegetative clone) of A. solidipes isolated from a mycelial fan on a natural grand fir (Abies grandis) sapling in northern Idaho, USA. cDNA from polyA+‐purified total RNA was sequenced using a single‐end read approach on the Illumina GAIIx platform which generated 24 170 384 reads. A BLASTx search against the NCBI nr database using 39 943 de novo assembled contigs resulted in 24 442 sequences with significant hits (e‐value < 1e−3), predominantly to fungi (85%). A filtered data set of 20 882 assembled transcripts that encoded putative homologous fungal proteins was created and used for all subsequent analyses. Signal P identified 10 668 putative signal peptides from these fungal transcripts, and 14 360 were annotated with gene ontology terms. Several sequences showed strong homology to annotated genes with functions in pathogenesis, specifically those involved in plant cell wall degradation and response to the post‐infection host environment. This transcriptome contributes to the growing body of resources for studies on fungal pathogens of woody plants, and our results provide useful insights towards identifying specific genes with potential roles associated with pathogenesis and other metabolic functions.

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“…This perturbation is symptomatic of A. ostoyae infection in young trees (Cruickshank 2002). Basal area increment growth associated with Armillaria infection is typically reduced 19-43% (Mallett and Volney 1999; Westwood et al 2012). Traumatic resinosus was absent on many larch and most lodgepole pine, thus we relied on ring patterns (>50% reduced width) as the indicator on these samples.…”

Section: Lab Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate, radial growth, and mortality associated with conifer regeneration infected by root disease (Armillaria ostoyae)

Murray

Leslie²

2021

The Forestry Chronicle

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Tree root disease caused by the pathogen Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink has notable influence on bio-economic systems of southern British Columbia (BC) and the northwestern United States. Annual radial growth and mortality trends of regeneration associated with A. ostoyae during the first 21 years of a plantation were investigated. Our dendrochronological approach focused on a plantation established in 1991 with Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.), and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Wats.). We examined tree rings for reduced growth onset (RGO) to estimate infection periods. Among trees studied, we found that the number of RGO events peaked in 2006 followed by a steady decline in frequency. A similar trend was seen in annual mortality rates which reached maximum values in 2007 followed by an uninterrupted decrease. The average number of years from RGO to death based on host species ranged from 2.3 to 3.6 years. According to on logistic regression modeling, values associated with drought codes and duff moisture codes were significant in determining the year of death for infected trees. The predicted increase in frequency of summer droughts may lead to elevated mortality associated with A. ostoyae in young plantations.

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Effects of Armillaria root disease on the growth of Picea mariana trees in the boreal plains of central Canada

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Powdery Mildew Decreases the Radial Growth of Oak Trees with Cumulative and Delayed Effects over Years

Powdery Mildew Decreases the Radial Growth of Oak Trees with Cumulative and Delayed Effects over Years

Transcriptome of an Armillaria root disease pathogen reveals candidate genes involved in host substrate utilization at the host–pathogen interface

Climate, radial growth, and mortality associated with conifer regeneration infected by root disease (Armillaria ostoyae)

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