Effects of artificial light at night on the feeding behaviour of three marine benthic grazers from the Adriatic Sea are species-specific and mostly short-lived

Bauer, Franz; Ritter, Marie; Šiljeg, Anamarija; Gretschel, Gerwin; Lenz, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114303

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Although we did not find interactive effects of ALAN and warming on grazing rates, urchins exposed to ALAN and fed fresh kelp had higher grazing rates compared to those exposed to normal day/night cycles. This was contrary to our predictions, and contrasts with previous studies that found no impact of ALAN on grazing rates for the urchins Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus [36], and a reduction in grazing rate of Heliocidaris crassispina with ALAN [37]. However, responses to ALAN can be highly species specific due to differences in biology and ecology, so this difference in response may reflect differences in photosensitivity and behaviour between species.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…There is therefore a strong interest in factors that influence urchin grazing rates and gonad index. Warming can increase urchin metabolic rates, grazing rates and gonad index [27,33–35], but research into ALAN impacts on urchins is limited (but see [36] and [37]). Urchins can detect light via photoreceptors in their tube feet (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This diel behaviour can vary between lunar cycles, demonstrating their high photosensitivity [42]. ALAN may alter foraging behaviour of urchins by disrupting these diel cues [36], or by changing metabolic rates of urchins due to increased stress [43]. This could alter the top-down control of urchins on kelp ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, ALAN may alter urchin gonad development, with possible impacts to their reproductive potential [46] and the marketability of urchin gonads [47]. Previous studies have found that ALAN reduces grazing rates and gonad index of Heliocidaris crassispina [37], reduces foraging behaviour of Paracentrotus lividus , and has no effects on Arbacia lixula [36]. This highlights the importance of assessing ALAN impacts on different species of urchins as well as conducting longer-term experiments, as urchins can display behavioural and physiological plasticity in response to stressors (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, many studies examining herbivore-producer trophic relationships in marine systems expose either herbivores (e.g. [36,37]) or primary producers (e.g. [30,49]) to stressors individually, but not in combination, limiting the understanding of the mechanisms driving observed changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii

Caley,

Marzinelli,

Byrne

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a growing threat to coastal habitats, and is likely to exacerbate the impacts of other stressors. Kelp forests are dominant habitats on temperate reefs but are declining due to ocean warming and overgrazing. We tested the independent and interactive effects of ALAN (dark versus ALAN) and warming (ambient versus warm) on grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii. Within these treatments, urchins were fed either ‘fresh’ kelp or ‘treated’ kelp. Treated kelp ( Ecklonia radiata ) was exposed to the same light and temperature combinations as urchins. We assessed photosynthetic yield, carbon and nitrogen content and C : N ratio of treated kelp to help identify potential drivers behind any effects on urchins. Grazing increased with warming and ALAN for urchins fed fresh kelp, and increased with warming for urchins fed treated kelp. Gonad index was higher in ALAN/ambient and dark/warm treatments compared to dark/ambient treatments for urchins fed fresh kelp. Kelp carbon content was higher in ALAN/ambient treatments than ALAN/warm treatments at one time point. This indicates ocean warming and ALAN may increase urchin grazing pressure on rocky reefs, an important finding for management strategies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii

Caley,

Marzinelli,

Byrne

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Antagonistic Effects of Light Pollution and Warming on Habitat‐Forming Seaweeds

Caley,

Marzinelli,

Byrne

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) is an emerging global stressor that is likely to interact with other stressors such as warming, affecting habitat‐forming species and ecological functions. Seaweeds are dominant habitat‐forming species in temperate marine ecosystems, where they support primary productivity and diverse ecological communities. Warming is a major stressor affecting seaweed forests, but effects of ALAN on seaweeds are largely unknown. We manipulated ALAN (0 lx vs. 25 lx at night) and temperature (ambient vs. +1.54°C warming) to test their independent and interactive effects on the survival, growth (biomass, total‐, blade‐ and stipe‐length) and function (photosynthesis, primary productivity and respiration) on the juveniles of two habitat‐forming seaweeds, the kelp Ecklonia radiata and the fucoid Sargassum sp. Warming significantly increased Ecklonia mortality; however, ALAN did not affect mortality. ALAN had positive effects on Ecklonia biomass, total and blade growth rates and gross primary productivity; however, warming largely counterbalanced these effects. We found no significant effects of warming or ALAN on Ecklonia photosynthetic yield, stipe length, net primary productivity or respiration rates. We found no effects of ALAN or warming on Sargassum for any of the measured variables. Synthesis. Our findings indicate that ALAN can have positive effects on seaweed growth and functioning, but such effects are likely species‐specific and can be counterbalanced by warming, suggesting an antagonistic interaction between these global stressors. These findings can help us to predict and manage the effects of these stressors on seaweeds, which underpin coastal biodiversity.

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Ecological consequences of artificial light at night on coastal species in natural and artificial habitats: a review

Ferretti,

Rossi,

Benedetti-Cecchi

et al. 2024

Mar Biol

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Effects of artificial light at night on the feeding behaviour of three marine benthic grazers from the Adriatic Sea are species-specific and mostly short-lived

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii

Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii

Antagonistic Effects of Light Pollution and Warming on Habitat‐Forming Seaweeds

Ecological consequences of artificial light at night on coastal species in natural and artificial habitats: a review

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