Effects of Astaxanthin on Pulse Rate Variability of Mice Under Chronic Stress

Escutia-Reyes, Daniel; Oros‐Pantoja, Rigoberto; Reyes-Lagos, José Javier; Pliego-Carrillo, Adriana Cristina; Ledesma-Ramírez, Claudia Ivette; Rodríguez-Muñoz, Daniela; Torres-García, Eugenio

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30648-9_95

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition, AX supplementation effectively dropped our subjects SBP by 8 mm Hg, which has clinical significance for future studies (Table 1). Although we did not collect mechanistic measures, past work has attributed these favorable changes in blood pressure to AX's ability to restore nitric oxide–induced vasodilation (21) or modulation of autonomic function by increasing vagus nerve innervation and, subsequently, hyperpolarizing cardiac cells (17). In line with these proposed changes to the cardiovascular system, we also observed a significant reduction to exercise oxygen consumption during the final and hardest stage of the GXT (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin Supplementation Does Not Affect Markers of Muscle Damage or Inflammation After an Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Protocol in Resistance-Trained Males

Waldman

Bryant

Parten

et al. 2023

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Waldman, HS, Bryant, AR, Parten, AL, Grozier, CD, and McAllister, MJ. Astaxanthin supplementation does not affect markers of muscle damage or inflammation after an exercise-induced muscle damage protocol in resistance-trained males. J Strength Cond Res 37(7): e413–e421, 2023—It is well documented that exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) decreases exercise performance by elevated inflammation and subjective discomfort. Due to its potent antioxidative properties, astaxanthin (AX) may serve as a potential dietary supplement strategy for mitigating delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and enhancing recovery and performance. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AX on markers of muscle damage, inflammation, DOMS, and anaerobic performance and substrate metabolism. Thirteen resistance-trained men (mean ± SD, age, 23.4 ± 2.1 years) completed a double-blind, counterbalanced, and crossover design with a 1-week washout period between 2, 4-week supplementation periods at 12 mg·d−1 of AX or placebo. After each supplementation period, subjects completed 2 trials, with trial 1 including a graded exercise test (GXT) and a 30-second Wingate and trial 2 including an EIMD protocol followed by the collection of fasting blood samples (pre-post) to measure creatine kinase, advanced oxidative protein products, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, insulin, and cortisol. Astaxanthin supplementation had no statistical effects on markers of substrate metabolism during the GXT, Wingate variables, or markers of muscle damage, inflammation, or DOMS when compared with placebo (all p > 0.05). However, 4 weeks of AX supplementation did significantly lower oxygen consumption during the final stage of the GXT (12%, p = 0.02), as well as lowered systolic blood pressure (∼7%, p = 0.04), and significantly lowered baseline insulin values (∼24%, p = 0.05) when compared with placebo. Collectively, these data suggest that 4 weeks of AX supplementation at 12 mg·d−1 did not affect markers of muscle damage, inflammation, or DOMS after an EIMD protocol in a resistance-trained male cohort.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin Supplementation Does Not Affect Markers of Muscle Damage or Inflammation After an Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Protocol in Resistance-Trained Males

Waldman

Bryant

Parten

et al. 2023

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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“…Additional effects from AX supplementation include its ability to reduce exercising heart rate in active runners and overweight individuals [ 87 , 88 ], and possible effects on muscle-strength endurance [ 89 ]. The former finding is likely due to AX’s capability to modulate the sympathetic nervous system during exercise and to hyperpolarize cardiac cells [ 90 ]. For the endurance athlete, a lower submaximal heart rate during a given workload often denotes an ability to accomplish the same capacity of work with less effort.…”

Section: Astaxanthin and Endurance Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin Supplementation as a Potential Strategy for Enhancing Mitochondrial Adaptations in the Endurance Athlete: An Invited Review

Waldman

2024

Nutrients

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Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant found in marine organisms such as microalgae and krill, may offer ergogenic benefits to endurance athletes. Originally used in fish feed, astaxanthin has shown a greater ability to mitigate various reactive oxygen species and maintain the structural integrity of mitochondria compared to other exogenous antioxidants. More recent work has shown that astaxanthin may improve: (1) cycling time trial performance, (2) cardiorespiratory measures such as submaximal heart rate during running or cycling, (3) recovery from delayed-onset muscle soreness, and (4) endogenous antioxidant capacity such as whole blood glutathione within trained populations. In this review, the history of astaxanthin and its chemical structure are first outlined before briefly describing the various adaptations (e.g., mitochondrial biogenesis, enhanced endogenous antioxidant capacity, etc.) which take place specifically at the mitochondrial level as a result of chronic endurance training. The review then concludes with the potential additive effects that astaxanthin may offer in conjunction with endurance training for the endurance athlete and offers some suggested practical recommendations for athletes and coaches interested in supplementing with astaxanthin.

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Effects of Astaxanthin on Pulse Rate Variability of Mice Under Chronic Stress

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Astaxanthin Supplementation Does Not Affect Markers of Muscle Damage or Inflammation After an Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Protocol in Resistance-Trained Males

Astaxanthin Supplementation Does Not Affect Markers of Muscle Damage or Inflammation After an Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Protocol in Resistance-Trained Males

Astaxanthin Supplementation as a Potential Strategy for Enhancing Mitochondrial Adaptations in the Endurance Athlete: An Invited Review

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