Effects of Atropine and Scopolamine on the Cardiovascular System in Man

Wf, List; Js, Gravenstein

doi:10.1097/00000542-196505000-00005

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…5 McGuigan 16 in 1921 and many others 18 -21 found that in most cases subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mg. produced slowing; this effect has also been reported after intramuscular,21 intravenous 1 , 3, 4,8,13,15,18,19,21 …”

supporting

confidence: 56%

“…For scopolamine 15 and atropine," there appear to be two opposing actions, one to slow and the other to accelerate the heart rate. The mechanism for the acceleration is peripheral, postsynaptic blockade of the vagus at the sinoatrial node/ 2 while that responsible for the slowing is unclear but has been thought to involve vagal stimulation centrallyll and peripherally.14 The direction of the change in heart rate produced by atropine depends on dose; small doses lead to slowing and larger ones to transient slowing followed by acceleration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homatropine bradycardia in man

Hayes

Katz

1970

Clin Pharma and Therapeutics

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New York, N. Y. Department of Pharmacology and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical CollegeSlowing of human sinus heart rate by small doses of atropine has been known for many years. 5 McGuigan 16 in 1921 and many others 18 -21 found that in most cases subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mg. produced slowing; this effect has also been reported after intramuscular,21 intravenous 1 , 3, 4,8,13,15,18,19,21 558heart rate, or interaction with concurrent drug medication. Above all the dose-response relations for cardiac slowing by these agents have not been examined.We chose to use homatropine, the mandelic acid congener of atropine, for three reasons. In studies on rat behavior, Machp7 showed that homatropine has relatively more stimulating and less depressant properties on the central nervous system than atropine. Homatropine is a considerably less potent anticholinergic than atropine. 7 Thus slowing produced by homatropine might be less likely to be antagonized by vagolytic action. Definition of a slowing action for homatropine would extend our knowledge of this class of drugs. Materials and methodsThe study was conducted in two groups of subjects: the first, 8 healthy, male medical students between 21 and 24 years old;

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supporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homatropine bradycardia in man

Hayes

Katz

1970

Clin Pharma and Therapeutics

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“…Within an hour, however, heart rate once again slows, a phenomenon we have called "secondary bradycardia." 3 The present study was undertaken to define the maximal dose of scopolamine that would decrease heart rate and the minimal dose that would increase heart rate. We gave 0.2 mg. of atropine, intravenously, 180 minutes after the scopolamine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scopolamine on Heart Rates in Man

Gravenstein

Thornby

1970

Survey of Anesthesiology

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Departments of Anesthesiology and Statistics, University of Florida MethodsA small dose ( 0.1 or 0.2 mg.) of scopolamine injected intravenously slows heart rate in resting, conscious subjects. 1 • 3 This mild bradycardia can be converted into a tachycardia by additional scopolamine given intravenously. Within an hour, however, heart rate once again slows, a phenomenon we have called "secondary bradycardia."3The present study was undertaken to define the maximal dose of scopolamine that would decrease heart rate and the minimal dose that would increase heart rate. We gave 0.2 mg. of atropine, intravenously, 180 minutes after the scopolamine. In subjects effectively pretreated with a belladonna drug, this dose of atropine will increase heart rate, 3 whereas it will decrease, or at least fail to increase, rate when no effect from a previous belladonna injection persists.Six normal Caucasian volunteers ( 4 women, 2 men), between 21 and 30 years of age, participated in the study. The subjects fasted for 4 hours then rested for one hour in the supine position, during which period a slow intravenous glucose ( 5 per cent) infusion, which made rapid intravenous injection of drugs possible, was started. Scopolamine was then given and heart This study was supported in part by N a tiona! Institutes of Health Grants HE07129 and GM16239.Received for publication June 12, 1968. Accepted for publication Dec. 13, 1968. 395

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“…Twenty-seven unselected consecutive patients. 8 male and 19 female, suffering from primary or secondary osteoarthroses and scheduled for total hip replacement, were studied. Patients with osteoarthritis of the hip frequently exhibit multiple pathology.…”

Section: Patient Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%