Effects of BA, GA4+7, and Daminozide on Fruit Set, Fruit Quality, Vegetative Growth, Flower Initiation, and Flower Quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ Apple

McLaughlin, Joann Mary; Greene, Duane W.

doi:10.21273/jashs.109.1.34

Cited by 47 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Gibberellin activity appears to increase in apple seeds 5 to 7 weeks after bloom (Ebert and Bangerth, 1981;Hoad, 1978;Luckwill, 1969), when exogenous application of gibberellins has a diminished inhibitory effect on flowering. These data support the suggestion of others (Ebert and Bangerth, 1981;Looney and Pharis, 1986;Marino and Greene, 1981;McLaughlin and Greene, 1984) that there is a poor relationship between the time the gibberellin content of seeds rises and the time when gibberellins most effectively inhibit flowering. Hoad (1978) has shown that movement of gibberellins from seeds, rather than the gibberellin content of the seeds per se, is correlated with biennial bearing.…”

Section: Concentration and Number Of Applications Ga4 7 Increased Fru...supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Gibberellins do not normally increase fruit size at harvest unless very high rates are used (Dennis, 1986). However, multiple applications of GA4 i 7 at 25 m g -lite r 1 starting 11 days after full bloom increased fruit size of 'Golden Delicious' (McLaughlin and Greene, 1984). Fruit size may be positively correlated with seed number (Williams and Edgerton, 1981), and developing seeds are rich sources of gibberellins (Hoad, 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crop load may further modify the extent to which foliar-applied gibberellins inhibit flowering. For example, two applications of 300 mg GA4 , 7/Iiter reduced return bloom to 60% of the control trees on lightly set 'Early McIntosh' (Marino and Greene, 1981), whereas four applications of only 25 mg-liter 1 eliminated return bloom on heavy-setting 'Golden Delicious' trees (Mc-Laughlin and Greene, 1984). Gibberellins may migrate from the developing seed to the bourse bud, where they inhibit flower bud formation (Hoad, 1984;Marino and Greene, 1981).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gibberellins A4+7 Influence Fruit Set, Fruit Quality, and Return Bloom of Apples

Greene

1989

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of time, concentration, and number of GA4+7 applications on ‘McIntosh’, ‘Early McIntosh’, and ‘Empire’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). GA4+7 at 150 mg·liter−1 increased fruit set and inhibited flower bud formation on ‘McIntosh’ and ‘Early McIntosh’. Flower bud formation was inhibited on ‘McIntosh’ when GA4+7 was applied over a wide range of times from 6 days before full bloom to 34 to 35 days after full bloom. Applications made 45 and 60 days after full bloom had no effect. Following storage, ‘Empire’ fruit treated with GA4+7 were softer and had a higher incidence of senescent breakdown than controls. Postbloom sprays of GA4+7 increased fruit set on ‘Empire’ one year when applied from 0 to 150 mg·liter−1, while two applications of 50 mg·liter−1 on similar trees in another year caused thinning. GA4+7 sprays appeared to advance ripening of ‘Empire’ apples. Gibberellin sprays reduced seed number. GA4+7 inhibited flowering in ‘Empire’. Repeat applications 19 and 34 days after full bloom were only slightly more inhibitory to flowering than one application of 0, 50, 100, or 150 mg·liter−1 made 10 days after full bloom.

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Section: Concentration and Number Of Applications Ga4 7 Increased Fru...supporting

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gibberellins A4+7 Influence Fruit Set, Fruit Quality, and Return Bloom of Apples

Greene

1989

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…McLaughlin and Green recently investigated the interacting effects of daminozide with BA and GA4+7 on apple growth and flowering (11).…”

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Effect of BA + GA4+7, BA, and Daminozide on Growth and Lateral Shoot Development in Peach

Elkner

Coston

1986

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The effects of BA alone or in combination with GA4+7 and with either daminozide or a surfactant on growth and lateral development of peach [Prunus persica (L.) cv. Redhaven] were evaluated at 4 stages of terminal growth. BA + GA4+7 at 500 ppm or 1000 ppm daminozide was the most effective treatment for inducing lateral development when applied at terminal growth of 15-20 cm or 31-36 cm. BA + GA4+7 increased both tree height and average internode length for all treatments. BA with either surfactant or daminozide was not effective in inducing lateral shoot formation and caused shorter internodes and retarded tree growth in all treatment combinations except 250 ppm + 1000 ppm daminozide. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA) and (1α,2β,4aα,4bβ,10β)-2,4a,7-trihydroxy-l-methyl-8-methylenegibb-3-ene-l,10-dicarboxylic acid 1,4a-lactone (GA4+7).

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“…Since BA can increase flowering and lat eral branching and reduce biennial bearing in apple (3,5), it has potential for commer cial use in fruit production. Although a pre suensis crosses.…”

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Effect of BA on Growth and Yield of ‘Redchief Strawberry

Archbold

Strang

1986

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The effect of BA on ‘Redchief strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) growth and yield was evaluated. During the summer of row establishment (1982), matted row plots were sprayed to drip with BA at 0, 50, 125, or 250 ppm on 1 July, 1 Aug., or 1 Sept. In 1983 and 1984, subplots were treated with BA at 0, 200, 250, or 300 ppm on 15 Sept., 1 Oct., or 15 Oct., or on all three dates at 250 ppm. Treatments applied in 1982 had no effect on crowns/m2, side branches/crown, total yield/plot, or mean fruit weight. However, increasing BA concentration significantly reduced mean crown dry weight. BA applied in Fall 1983 had no effect on total yield/plot though harvest distribution was altered. BA application on 1 Oct. significantly reduced early yields compared to the other dates of application. Although both single and multiple BA application reduced early yields compared to the control, three applications caused the largest reduction. Multiple application in 1984 significantly reduced mean fruit weight on early harvest dates. Visual observation and rating of plots indicated BA did increase flower number, but the extra flowers exhibited poor fruit set and did not significantly increase yield. Chemical names used: N-(phenymethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA).

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Effects of BA, GA4+7, and Daminozide on Fruit Set, Fruit Quality, Vegetative Growth, Flower Initiation, and Flower Quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ Apple

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Gibberellins A4+7 Influence Fruit Set, Fruit Quality, and Return Bloom of Apples

Gibberellins A4+7 Influence Fruit Set, Fruit Quality, and Return Bloom of Apples

Effect of BA + GA4+7, BA, and Daminozide on Growth and Lateral Shoot Development in Peach

Effect of BA on Growth and Yield of ‘Redchief Strawberry

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