Effects of benzyl alcohol on erythrocyte shape, membrane hemileaflet fluidity and membrane viscoelasticity

Chabanel, A.; Abbott, Richard E.; Chien, Shu; Schachter, David

doi:10.1016/0005-2736(85)90402-x

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In erythrocytes, differences in fluidity between the two monolayers have not been consistently observed. Some studies have reported that the outer monolayer is less fluid (Seigneuret et al, 1984;Chabanel et al, 1985), whereas other studies have found the opposite (Cogan and Schachter, 1981;Schachter et al, 1983). The finding that the inner monolayer of synaptic plasma membrane isolated from rat brain (SPM) is less fluid than the outer monolayer is consistent with data showing that the SPM inner monolayer contains approximately 7-times as much cholesterol as the outer monolayer (Wood et al, 1990).…”

Section: Effect Of Chlorpromazine · Hcl On the Rate And Range Of Transupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of Chlorpromazine·HCl on the Structural Parameters of Bovine Brain Membranes

Jang

Jeong²,

Ahn³

et al. 2004

BMB Reports

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Fluorescence probes located in different membrane regions were used to evaluate the effects of chlorpromazine · HCl on structural parameters (transbilayer lateral mobility, annular lipid fluidity, protein distribution, and lipid bilayer thickness) of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMVs) isolated from bovine cerebral cortex. The experimental procedure was based on the selective quenching of 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py) by trinitrophenyl groups, radiationless energy transfer from the tryptophan of membrane proteins to Py-3-Py, and energy transfer from Py-3-Py monomers to 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (ANS). In this study, chlorpromazine · HCl decreased the lateral mobility of Py-3-Py in a concentration dependent-manner, showed a greater ordering effect on the inner monolayer than on the outer monolayer, decreased annular lipid fluidity in a dose dependent-manner, and contracted the membrane lipid bilayer. Furthermore, the drug was found to have a clustering effect on membrane proteins.

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Section: Effect Of Chlorpromazine · Hcl On the Rate And Range Of Transupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of Chlorpromazine·HCl on the Structural Parameters of Bovine Brain Membranes

Jang

Jeong²,

Ahn³

et al. 2004

BMB Reports

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“…A positive correlation between RBC deformability and membrane fluidity has been previously suggested, but to date this concept has not been examined in a coherent and detailed manner [10–13]. In addition, the relation between deformability and the fluidity at different membrane depths (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Alcohols on Red Blood Cell Mechanical Properties and Membrane Fluidity Depends on Their Molecular Size

et al. 2013

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The role of membrane fluidity in determining red blood cell (RBC) deformability has been suggested by a number of studies. The present investigation evaluated alterations of RBC membrane fluidity, deformability and stability in the presence of four linear alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol) using ektacytometry and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. All alcohols had a biphasic effect on deformability such that it increased then decreased with increasing concentration; the critical concentration for reversal was an inverse function of molecular size. EPR results showed biphasic changes of near-surface fluidity (i.e., increase then decrease) and a decreased fluidity of the lipid core; rank order of effectiveness was butanol > propanol > ethanol > methanol, with a significant correlation between near-surface fluidity and deformability (r = 0.697; p<0.01). The presence of alcohol enhanced the impairment of RBC deformability caused by subjecting cells to 100 Pa shear stress for 300 s, with significant differences from control being observed at higher concentrations of all four alcohols. The level of hemolysis was dependent on molecular size and concentration, whereas echinocytic shape transformation (i.e., biconcave disc to crenated morphology) was observed only for ethanol and propanol. These results are in accordance with available data obtained on model membranes. They document the presence of mechanical links between RBC deformability and near-surface membrane fluidity, chain length-dependence of the ability of alcohols to alter RBC mechanical behavior, and the biphasic response of RBC deformability and near-surface membrane fluidity to increasing alcohol concentrations.

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“…Interestingly, BnOH, an established membrane fluidizer for a variety of cell types, including erythrocytes, lymphocytes, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells (4,6,12,46), impaired shear-induced pseudopod retraction in adherent and nonadherent PMNLs on its own ( Figs. 2A and 3A).…”

Section: C455 Membrane Fluidity In the Leukocyte Shear-responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To test this hypothesis, we modulated the membrane cholesterol and fluidity of human PMNLs using cholesterol-enhancing (cholesterol:M␤CD conjugates) or cholesterol-disrupting (M␤CD and filipin) agents as well as a membrane-fluidizer (benzyl alcohol or BnOH) (6,7,12,32) and examined the PMNL pseudopod retraction in response to well-defined fluid shear stresses. Since hypercholesterolemia is associated with enriched membrane cholesterol in bloodborne cells and dysregulated leukocyte activity (11,27), we assessed the shear-responses by PMNLs from mice during the development of hypercholesterolemia as an in vivo model.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane cholesterol modulates the fluid shear stress response of polymorphonuclear leukocytes via its effects on membrane fluidity

Zhang

Hurng

Rateri

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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Specifically, fluid flow-derived shear stresses deactivate leukocytes via actions on the conformational activities of proteins on the cell surface. Because membrane properties affect activities of membranebound proteins, we hypothesized that changes in the physical properties of cell membranes influence PMNL sensitivity to fluid shear stress. For this purpose, we modified PMNL membranes and showed that the cellular mechanosensitivity to shear was impaired whether we increased, reduced, or disrupted the organization of cholesterol within the lipid bilayer. Notably, PMNLs with enriched membrane cholesterol exhibited attenuated pseudopod retraction responses to shear that were recovered by select concentrations of benzyl alcohol (a membrane fluidizer). In fact, PMNL responses to shear positively correlated (R 2 ϭ 0.96; P Ͻ 0.0001) with cholesterol-related membrane fluidity. Moreover, in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (LDLr Ϫ/Ϫ ) mice fed a high-fat diet (a hypercholesterolemia model), PMNL shear-responses correlated (R 2 ϭ 0.5; P Ͻ 0.01) with blood concentrations of unesterified (i.e., free) cholesterol. In this regard, the shear-responses of PMNLs gradually diminished and eventually reversed as free cholesterol levels in blood increased during 8 wk of the high-fat diet. Collectively, our results provided evidence that cholesterol is an important component of the PMNL mechanotransducing capacity and elevated membrane cholesterol impairs PMNL shearresponses at least partially through its impact on membrane fluidity. This cholesterol-linked perturbation may contribute to dysregulated PMNL activity (e.g., chronic inflammation) related to hypercholesterolemia and causal for cardiovascular pathologies (e.g., atherosclerosis).flow; cell deactivation; pseudopod retraction; mechanotransduction; hypercholesterolemia WHETHER ADHERED TO A SURFACE or freely suspended in plasma, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs; particularly neutrophils) sense and respond to fluid shear stress (force per unit area acting tangential to the cell surface; dyn/cm 2 ) imposed by blood flow. Specifically, fluid shear stress maintains PMNLs in a deactivated state by reducing or preventing formation of pseudopod(s), a morphological hallmark of an activated PMNL, while at the same time, promoting cleavage of cell surface-associated ␤ 2 (CD18) integrins involved in cell adhesion and migration (30,48). The cell-inactivating action of shear stress is depressed upon treatment of cells with threshold concentrations of biochemical agonists, such as formyl peptide (N-formyl-Met-LeuPhe or FMLP; Ͼ 0.01 M) and platelet-activating factor (Ͼ0.1 M) (15), pointing to circulatory fluid flow as a negative mechano-regulator of PMNL activity in the absence of inflammatory agents, i.e., cell stimulation overrides this negative fluid shear stress control. Moreover, impaired leukocyte responses to shear stress, due to agonist stimulation or a pathologically inflamed state, have been linked to increased PMNL entrapment in the microcirculation of normotensive r...

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Effects of benzyl alcohol on erythrocyte shape, membrane hemileaflet fluidity and membrane viscoelasticity

Cited by 44 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of Chlorpromazine·HCl on the Structural Parameters of Bovine Brain Membranes

Effects of Chlorpromazine·HCl on the Structural Parameters of Bovine Brain Membranes

The Effect of Alcohols on Red Blood Cell Mechanical Properties and Membrane Fluidity Depends on Their Molecular Size

Membrane cholesterol modulates the fluid shear stress response of polymorphonuclear leukocytes via its effects on membrane fluidity

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