Background::
Epilepsy is one of the most common in all age groups and disabling
neurologic disorders around the world.
Objectives::
This systematic review was to explore whether berberine (BBR) has any anti-seizure
or anti-epileptic effects and also reviewed this possible mechanism.
Methods::
The EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases
were searched before Sep 2023. All types of studies that investigated the effects of BBR on epilepsy
or chemical-induced seizures were eligible for inclusion. Two authors independently evaluated
and reviewed titles/abstracts to identify publications for potential eligibility, and a third
team member resolved discrepancies. Data were extracted in an Excel form, and the outcomes
were discussed.
Results::
BBR showed its neuroprotective properties by reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation,
and anti-apoptosis effects. It also increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
release and reduces transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α
(HIF-1α). BBR by increasing scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear factor
erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), endogenous antioxidant enzymes, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1),
and inhibition of lipid peroxidation insert its antioxidant activity. Moreover, BBR showed antiinflammatory
activity by reducing Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
(TNF-α) levels and through inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and including nuclear factor
κB (NF-κB). In addition, it modulated c-fos expression and neuronal excitability in the brain.
Conclusion::
BBR indicated promising anti-seizure effects with remarkable antioxidant, antiinflammatory,
anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective activity. Future studies should be based on
well-designed clinical trial studies that are integrated with new methods related to increasing
bioavailability.
