Effects of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex high-definition transcranial direct-current stimulation on time-trial performance in cyclists with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Filipas, Luca; Gallo, Gabriele; Meloni, Andrea; Luzi, Livio; Codella, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2022.09.005

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…On other hand, there was no change in HR, SpO 2 , and RPE in the present study. These results align with previous studies with acute or sub-acute DC supplementation that found no changes in the mentioned physiological parameters 78 – 80 . Studies with tDCS have shown contrasting results, with some studies finding significantly lower HR and RPE at lower intensities or at intermediate time points 49 , 69 , while others found no changes 43 , 70 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In the control conditions (WC), participants consumed ~ 487 kcal of WC closely matched to DC in terms of CHO, fat, and calories. Importantly, WC was used as a control for DC because it contains no cocoa butter or cocoa liquor 80 , which are the components that could potentially generate the effects. Previous studies using WC as a placebo, used the method of alkalizing cocoa for coloring 33 , 85 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the technical unavailability of an alkalizing method, participants were not blinded concerning the chocolate supplementation condition (e.g., they knew they were consuming either DC or WC). This same method was used in previous studies 80 , 85 , 86 . It should be noted that participants were not given any hint regarding the superiority of either DC or WC in order to prevent possible “expectation effect” bias.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concomitant dual-site tDCS and dark chocolate improve cognitive and endurance performance following cognitive effort under hypoxia: a randomized controlled trial

Banaei,

Tadibi,

Amiri

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Ten male cyclists were randomized into four experimental conditions in this randomized, cross-over, double-blind, and sham-controlled study to test the combined effect of acute dark chocolate (DC) ingestion and anodal concurrent dual-site transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) targeting M1 and left DLPFC on cognitive and whole-body endurance performance in hypoxia after performing a cognitive task. Two hours before the sessions, chocolate was consumed. After arriving at the lab, participants completed an incongruent Stroop task for 30 min in hypoxia (O2 = 13%) to induce mental fatigue, followed by 20 min of tDCS (2 mA) in hypoxia. Then, in hypoxia, they performed a time-to-exhaustion task (TTE) while measuring physiological and psychophysiological responses. Cognitive performance was measured at baseline, after the Stroop task, and during and after TTE. TTE in ‘DC + a-tDCS’ was significantly longer than in ‘white chocolate (WC) + a-tDCS’ and WC + sham-tDCS’. The vastus medialis muscle electromyography amplitude was significantly higher in ‘DC + a-tDCS’ and ‘DC + sham-tDCS’ than in ‘WC + sh-tDCS’. During and after the TTE, choice reaction time was significantly lower in ‘DC + a-tDCS’ compared to ‘WC + sh-tDCS’. Other physiological or psychophysiological variables showed no significant differences. The concurrent use of acute DC consumption and dual-site a-tDCS might improve cognitive and endurance performance in hypoxia.

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