Effects of biochar on the fate and toxicity of herbicide fenoxaprop-ethyl in soil

Jing, Xu; Wang, Tengfei; Yang, Jason; Wang, Yanli; Xu, Huifang

doi:10.1098/rsos.171875

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Biochar has been shown to improve survival rates in the manner reported in our study. Jing et al [35] observed no earthworm death in 5% biochar-amended soil after 28 days of exposure of E. fetida to fenoxaprop-ethyl. Nyoka et al [20] found that E. fetida exposed to imidacloprid in 10% biochar-amended soils experienced significant improvement in survival rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Rates of Biochar Soil Amendment Cause Increased Incidences of Neurotoxic and Oxidative Stress in Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta) Exposed to Glyphosate

Dlamini

Otomo

2022

Applied Sciences

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Despite several known beneficial attributes, biochar is suspected to cause harm to soil organisms when present in relatively high quantities in the soil. To determine the potential detrimental effects of biochar, for 96 h, we exposed the earthworm Eisenia fetida to 0, 2, 4 and 8 mg glyphosate (GLY) per kg in non-amended and biochar-amended soil at rates of 5, 10 and 15%. The results indicated that in non-amended soil, survival was significantly decreased in the highest GLY concentration. Although no median lethal concentration (LC50) could be computed due to the lack of sufficient mortality, in the absence of biochar, a lethal concentration 10% (LC10) of 5.540 mg/kg and a lethal concentration 20% (LC20) of 7.067 mg/kg were calculated. In the biochar-amended soil, no mortality occurred in the control and GLY treatments for all three biochar amendment rates. Biomass results showed significant biomass loss in the highest GLY treatment in the absence of biochar, with an effective concentration of 10% (EC10) of 5.23 mg/kg and an effective concentration of 20% (EC20) of 6.848 mg/kg. In the amended soil, overall, slight non-significant increases in biomass were recorded and no effective concentrations could be calculated due to the lack of significant biomass loss. The assessment of neurotoxicity via the activity of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) showed no change in AchE due to GLY in all the non-amended treatments. However, in the biochar-amended treatments, statistically high levels of AchE occurred (p < 0.05) even in the control (in the absence of GLY). The assessment of oxidative stress through catalase (CAT) activity, showed similar results with no significant effects of GLY alone on CAT activity, but rather dramatic increases in activity in the control and GLY treatments in the biochar-amended soil, with one significant increase in the 10% amended in 8 mg GLY/Kg (p < 0.05). Such significant increases in both AChE and CAT were only observed in soil amended with 10 and 15% biochar. Our findings show that although seemingly beneficial for whole body endpoints, biomarker responses indicate that a biochar amendment higher than 5% adds considerable additional stress to earthworms and should be avoided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Rates of Biochar Soil Amendment Cause Increased Incidences of Neurotoxic and Oxidative Stress in Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta) Exposed to Glyphosate

Dlamini

Otomo

2022

Applied Sciences

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“…The growth curve of Bacillus cereus strain JCM 2152 suggested that PKS biochar is a suitable carrier material which provides favourable environment for the proliferation and immobilization of the bacteria due to its high porosity, pore volume and non-toxic nature. It also acts as the carbon and nutrient sources such as N, P and K to the immobilized cells [36]. This occurrence was attributed to high diffusion concentration gradient at initial phase, which increased the rate of diffusion (driving force) and hence mass transport of bacteria to biochar [37].…”

Section: Adsorption Of Bacillus Strains Onto Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of palm kernel shell biochar for the adsorption of Bacillus cereus

Ajeng¹,

Abdullah²,

Junia³

et al. 2021

Phys. Scr.

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Excessive use of agrochemicals caused by the increasing demand for food is a worrying issue in the developing nations. Thus, sustainable approach of using biochar as an inoculant carrier for the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is receiving a considerable amount of attention. In the present study, suitability of palm kernel shell (PKS) biochar was assessed as an inoculant carrier for Bacillus cereus. A batch experiment was conducted to determine the time taken to reach the adsorption equilibrium, the ratio of bacteria to biochar required to reach maximum adsorption, and the adsorption capacity of PKS biochar. Taken together, our findings indicate that PKS biochar is a suitable inoculant carrier for B. cereus with 90% of maximum adsorption was achieved within 60 min, where the concentration of bacteria remained at 6.5×10 7 CFU/mL. The highest concentration of bacteria adsorbed (9.54´10 7 CFU ml −1 ) was observed when the ratio of bacteria to biochar was 100:7 (v w −1 ). The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model showed that PKS biochar is a suitable inoculant carrier for B. cereus (Q o =5´10 9 CFU g −1 of biochar; K F =2.80 ´10 5 ) with high correlation coefficient (R 2 ) value of 0.9765 and 0.9948 respectively. Our data fitted Freundlich isotherm, indicating that the adsorption of B. cereus on PKS biochar may occur on the heterogenous surface of biochar and not limited to monolayer formation. However, kinetic study shows data conforming to Elovich model suggesting that attachment of B. cereus onto PKS biochar may be in a monolayer fashion. Finally, some considerations on the application of biochar loaded with PGPR are also highlighted.

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“…The degradation of FEN was relatively slow in water with half-lives of 6.4-12.4 days (Jing et al 2016),and the half-lives of FEN in soil was 56.9 days (Jing et al 2018). Therefore, FEN exhibited potential risk to the aquatic animals after using in rice eld.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental toxicity and metabolomics analyses of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos exposed to Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl

Zhao,

Lin,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (FEN) is an aryloxy phenoxy propionate herbicide that has been widely used in paddy elds. Previous studies indicated FEN exhibited highly toxic to aquatic organism, but little is known about developmental effects of FEN. In present study investigated the acute toxic and developmental toxic effects of zebra sh embryos, content of malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and the metabolomics pro ling in zebra sh embryos after 96h exposure. FEN exhibited high acute toxicity to zebra sh embryos and larvae. Exposure to FEN could reduce heartbeat and hatching rates, and increased malformation rates in embryos. Oxidative damage was also caused in embryos. The results of metabolomics analysis showed that 102 differential metabolites were found in zebra sh embryos in 0.05 mg/L FEN treatment group, and 60 differential metabolites found 0.2 mg/L FEN treatment group. These differential metabolites mainly belonged to 9 metabolic pathways, of which folate pathways and ABC transport protein pathways have the greatest impact. These results suggested that FEN induced high acute toxicity and developmental toxicity in zebra sh embryos.

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Effects of biochar on the fate and toxicity of herbicide fenoxaprop-ethyl in soil

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

High Rates of Biochar Soil Amendment Cause Increased Incidences of Neurotoxic and Oxidative Stress in Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta) Exposed to Glyphosate

High Rates of Biochar Soil Amendment Cause Increased Incidences of Neurotoxic and Oxidative Stress in Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta) Exposed to Glyphosate

Evaluation of palm kernel shell biochar for the adsorption of Bacillus cereus

Developmental toxicity and metabolomics analyses of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos exposed to Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl

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