Effects of bleaching agents and <scp>T</scp>ooth <scp>M</scp>ousse<sup>™</sup> on human enamel hardness

Alkhtib, Asmaa; Manton, David J.; Burrow, Michael F.; Saber‐Samandari, Saeed; Palamara, Joseph E.A.; Gross, Kārlis Agris; Reynolds, Eric C.

doi:10.1111/jicd.12001

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This is in agreement with studies by Hala M Abass et al, Se abo hammar et al, Sule Bayrak et al, Asmaa Alkhtib et al [22][23][24][25] and can be due to the fact that the peptides in the CPP-ACP may diffuse into the inter-crystallite spaces, (as the size of the peptide complex is small [~2 nm]) created by bleaching. It localises and increases the bioavailability of calcium and phosphate ions and may enhance the potential for remineralization and deposition of minerals around the "freshly cleaned" enamel crystallites, leading to an increase in hardness thus regaining the prebleaching enamel physical properties.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Various Remineralizing Agents on Bleached Enamel Surface: An in Vitro Study

Thakur¹,

Devadiga²,

Hegde³

2016

J. Pharm. Sci. Innov.

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The aim of this study is to comparative evaluate the remineralization potential of various newer remineralizing agents such as Fluoride enriched Casein Phospho-peptide Amorphous calcium phosphate, Beta Tri-calcium Phosphate and Hydroxyapatite based cream on bleached enamel surface using Surface hardness test. 40 freshly extracted intact human premolars extracted for orthodontic purpose were used to prepare 75 enamel sections from the buccal and palatal surfaces of t`he teeth. The teeth were divided into 5 groups of 15 specimens and subjected to surface treatment as follows: Grp 1: Intact tooth (Control group) -No Surface treatment, Grp 2: Bleaching with 35% Hydrogen peroxide (Pola-office), Group 3: CPP-ACPF (GC Tooth Mousse plus, GC Corp) for two applications, 4 mins each for 14 days, Group 4: β-TCP (3M ESPE ClinPro) for 4 min for 14 days, Group 5: Hydroxyapatite based cream (ReminPro, VOCO) for 30 minutes for 10 days. All the specimens were stored in artificial saliva in the intervals and throughout the study. The specimens were subjected to qualitative and quantitative evaluation using Surface Hardness test for Vickers Hardness Number. Enamel specimens treated with bleaching agent (Pola Office) showed a decrease in microhardness which was statistically significant when compared with unbleached enamel [Grp1]. Among the remineralising agents tested in the study Hydroxyapatite based cream was found to be marginally more effective then the CPP-ACPF and β-TCP which was not statistically different.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Various Remineralizing Agents on Bleached Enamel Surface: An in Vitro Study

Thakur¹,

Devadiga²,

Hegde³

2016

J. Pharm. Sci. Innov.

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“…The results of this study demonstrate that the analysis of hardness in‐depth is of importance, through the different responses to the same treatment for surface and cross‐sectional hardness. In most studies of hardness of bleached teeth, evaluations are limited to the surface (6, 36), which underestimates the possible influence of the tested materials in‐depth. In these studies, the reduction of enamel hardness would be the result of the degradation of the organic matrix by the bleaching agents around the prisms and crystallites, mechanically weakening the enamel (6, 36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most studies of hardness of bleached teeth, evaluations are limited to the surface (6, 36), which underestimates the possible influence of the tested materials in‐depth. In these studies, the reduction of enamel hardness would be the result of the degradation of the organic matrix by the bleaching agents around the prisms and crystallites, mechanically weakening the enamel (6, 36). Moreover, spaces created between the crystals would allow the deposition of minerals and the enamel hardening after the application of calcium sources (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these studies, the reduction of enamel hardness would be the result of the degradation of the organic matrix by the bleaching agents around the prisms and crystallites, mechanically weakening the enamel (6, 36). Moreover, spaces created between the crystals would allow the deposition of minerals and the enamel hardening after the application of calcium sources (36). In the present study, a higher demineralization was observed up to 20 μ m deep for all groups (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of new compositions of 10% hydrogen peroxide‐based bleaching agents containing trimetaphosphate and fluoride on enamel demineralization

Santos

Delbem

Danelon

et al. 2020

European J Oral Sciences

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This study evaluated the effect on enamel demineralization of 10% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) gels containing different concentrations of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) and sodium fluoride (NaF) combined with the daily use of fluoridated or placebo dentifrice. Bovine enamel blocks were selected by surface hardness (n = 72) and randomly assigned to one of the following experimental treatments: 10% H2O2; 10% H2O2 + 3% TMP + 0.1% NaF; and 10% H2O2 + 0.3% TMP + 0.05% NaF, each with or without fluoridated dentifrice. H2O2‐based gels were applied for 30 min d−1 followed by treatment with dentifrice (1 min). Enamels blocks were stored in artificial saliva at 37°C between sessions during the 14 days of experiment. Percentage of surface hardness loss (%SH) was calculated, and the blocks were cut into halves to analyze cross‐sectional hardness (ΔKHN). Polarized light microscopy images were obtained of the longitudinal sections of the samples. Enamel treated with fluoridated dentifrice presented lower hardness loss than those treated with placebo dentifrice (%SH and ΔKHN). Use of TMP‐ and NaF‐based gels, regardless of concentration, led to the lowest %SH values. Specimens treated with 10% H2O2 gel had the highest %SH and ΔKHN values. Gels with 10% H2O2 + 3% TMP + 0.1% NaF showed the lowest ΔKHN values. Microscopy images clearly showed that the addition of TMP and NaF to the H2O2‐based gels was effective in reducing the loss of hardness, and the fluoridated dentifrice helped minimize it in all treatments.

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“…To overcome this loss of minerals and subsequent micro-hardness remineralizing solutions are recommended. [ 8 ] Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is a derivative of milk protein casein found in cow's milk. CPP-ACP is produced from a tryptic digest of milk protein casein by aggregation with calcium phosphate and purification by ultra-filtration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of remineralization capacity of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on the carbamide peroxide treated enamel

et al. 2015

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Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in remineralizing the bleached enamel surface using micro-hardness.Materials and Methods:Thirty human enamel slabs were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10). Groups A and B were exposed to 20% carbamide peroxide and 35% carbamide peroxide gel, respectively. After the exposure to the bleaching agent, the slabs were kept in artificial saliva for 1-week. Group C (control group) were kept in artificial saliva for 1-week. Vickers micro-hardness test was performed by Leica VMHT-Mot micro-hardness tester. CPP-ACP (Gc Tooth Mousse, Melbourne, Australia) was then applied to specimens of Groups A and B for 3 min for 2 weeks. Micro-hardness values of postbleach Group A (Ar) and Group B (Br) were recorded and statistically analyzed by paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance at the significance level of α =0.05.Results:There was a significant decrease in micro-hardness of enamel in carbamide peroxide bleached groups. However, there was a significant increase in micro-hardness after the remineralization by CPP-ACP and the extent of remineralization is more for the Group B.Conclusions:That bleaching agents reduced enamel micro-hardness and the use of CPP-ACP after bleaching can significantly enhance the micro-hardness of bleached enamel.

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Effects of bleaching agents and Tooth Mousse^™ on human enamel hardness

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Various Remineralizing Agents on Bleached Enamel Surface: An in Vitro Study

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Various Remineralizing Agents on Bleached Enamel Surface: An in Vitro Study

Evaluation of new compositions of 10% hydrogen peroxide‐based bleaching agents containing trimetaphosphate and fluoride on enamel demineralization

Evaluation of remineralization capacity of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on the carbamide peroxide treated enamel

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Effects of bleaching agents and Tooth Mousse™ on human enamel hardness

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Various Remineralizing Agents on Bleached Enamel Surface: An in Vitro Study

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Various Remineralizing Agents on Bleached Enamel Surface: An in Vitro Study

Evaluation of new compositions of 10% hydrogen peroxide‐based bleaching agents containing trimetaphosphate and fluoride on enamel demineralization

Evaluation of remineralization capacity of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on the carbamide peroxide treated enamel

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Effects of bleaching agents and Tooth Mousse^™ on human enamel hardness