Effects of blend of canola oil and palm oil on nutrient intake and digestibility, growth performance, rumen fermentation and fatty acids in goats

Abstract

The study examined the effects of blend of 80% canola oil and 20% palm oil (BCPO) on nutrient intake and digestibility, growth performance, rumen fermentation and fatty acids (FA) in goats. Twenty-four Boer bucks were randomly assigned to diets containing 0, 4 and 8% BCPO on a dry matter basis, fed for 100 days and slaughtered. Diet did not affect feed efficiency, growth performance, intake and digestibility of all nutrients except ether extract. Intakes and digestibilities of ether extract, unsaturated fatty acids (FA) and total FA were higher (P < 0.05) while digestibility of C18:0 was lower (P < 0.05) in oil-fed goats than the control goats. Total volatile FA, acetate, butyrate, acetate/propionate ratio and methane decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing BCPO but propionate, NH3 -N and rumen pH did not differ between diets. Ruminal concentration of C18:0, n-3 FA and total FA increased (P < 0.05) while C12:0, C14:0, C15:0 and n-6 FA decreased with increasing BCPO. Analysis of the FA composition of Triceps brachii muscle showed that concentrations of C16:0, C14:0 and C18:2n-6 were lower (P < 0.05) while C18:1n-9, C18:3n-3 and C20:5n-3 were higher in oil-fed goats compared with control goats. Dietary BCPO altered muscle lipids without having detrimental effects on nutrient intake and digestibility and growth performance in goats.

Rumen microbial community and nitrogen metabolism in goats fed blend of palm oil and canola oil

“…Similarly, the oil blend did not affect growth performance and the intake and digestibility of DM and OM, but depressed methane concentration, total volatile fatty acids, and molar proportion of acetate and butyrate in goats (Adeyemi et al 2016). The response of rumen microbiota to dietary blend of palm oil and canola oil remain obscure but could offer insights into some of the previous findings.…”

“…The goats were drenched against parasites and randomly allotted to diets containing on a DM basis 0, 4 and 8% oil blend and fed daily for 100 d following a two-week adaptation period. Each diet consisted of 50% concentrate mixture (22% corn grain, 17% soybean meal, 7.5% palm kernel cake, 2% rice bran, 0.5% limestone, 0.5% salt and 0.5% mineral-vitamin premix) and 50% forage (oil palm frond, chopped into 2.5 ± 0.5 pieces) on a DM basis (Adeyemi et al 2016). The ingredients in the concentrate portion were adjusted (Adeyemi et al 2016) to make the diets isocaloric and isonitrogenous (Table 1).…”

“…Each diet consisted of 50% concentrate mixture (22% corn grain, 17% soybean meal, 7.5% palm kernel cake, 2% rice bran, 0.5% limestone, 0.5% salt and 0.5% mineral-vitamin premix) and 50% forage (oil palm frond, chopped into 2.5 ± 0.5 pieces) on a DM basis (Adeyemi et al 2016). The ingredients in the concentrate portion were adjusted (Adeyemi et al 2016) to make the diets isocaloric and isonitrogenous (Table 1). The oil-supplemented diets were prepared by manually incorporating the oil blend into the ground concentrate thoroughly.…”

“…Feed samples were dried at 60 C for 48 h to determine the DM content, ground to pass a through a 1 mm screen and analysed for ash, ether extract, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre. The fatty acid composition of the diet was determined as described by Adeyemi et al (2016). The chemical and fatty acid composition of the dietary treatments are presented in Table 1.…”

“…Dietary fats are commonly used in ruminant nutrition due to their high energy density and low price and could be utilised to modify the fatty acid profile of ruminant milk and meat (Adeyemi et al 2016). Nonetheless, unsaturated fats could have detrimental effect on rumen microbial ecology (Mao et al 2010), which could affect fibre digestibility and voluntary feed intake in ruminants.…”