Effects of body position, imaging plane, and observer on computed tomographic measurements of the lumbosacral intervertebral foraminal area in dogs

Higgins, Brent M; Cripps, Peter; Baker, Martin; Moore, Lee E.; Penrose, Fay E; McConnell, J. Fraser

doi:10.2460/ajvr.72.7.905

Cited by 20 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the present study, significant differences in intervertebral foraminal area were found between parasagittal and parasagittal oblique planar measurement methods. Previous studies also found differences between parasagittal and parasagittal oblique methods for quantifying intervertebral foraminal areas at L7‐S1 using CT and MRI . In both of these studies, the parasagittal planar method for measuring intervertebral foraminal area yielded values that were significantly larger than the parasagittal oblique measurement techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Results from the current study also indicated that lumbosacral angle measurement techniques should be standardized in future research studies evaluating effects of exercise prescriptions on lumbosacral range of motion values. Significant differences were found between CT lumbosacral angles measured using techniques 1 and 2 for both flexion and extension hip positions. In addition, lumbosacral range of motion values also differed by measurement technique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…After all the parasagittal foraminal areas were measured, parasagittal oblique foraminal area measurements were performed using a previously published technique . At each vertebral location, the dorsal planar view was adjusted so that the intervertebral foramina were visible.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All lumbosacral angle measurements were performed by an undergraduate research student (S.S.) using the same image analysis workstation as for the area measurements. Lumbosacral angle measurements were performed using two previously published techniques that are termed as technique 1 and technique 2 . A random number generator (http://random.org) was used to determine the order in which CT scans were observed for each dog.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A thesis reported evidence that core conditioning exercise programs helped to improve CT measures of paraspinal muscle symmetry and clinical measures of performance in military working dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis . Two other publications described CT methods for quantifying lumbosacral stability in dogs using dynamic changes (percentage differences between hip flexion and extension positions) in intervertebral foraminal areas at L7‐S1 for parasagittal and parasagittal oblique slice planes (positional foraminal area change, parasagittal foraminal area changes, parasagittal oblique foraminal area changes); and changes (differences) in lumbosacral angles (lumbosacral range of motion) (Table ) . One of these publications reported a correlation between CT measures of parasagittal foraminal area changes at L7‐S1 and clinical signs of lumbosacral pain and hind limb lameness in dogs …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CT measures of lumbosacral paraspinal muscle size are not correlated with CT measures of lumbosacral stability in military working Labrador Retrievers

Jones

Kimmett

Sharp

et al. 2019

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Management of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in military working dogs more frequently utilizes core conditioning exercise programs. Future research on the effectiveness of these programs may benefit from an improved understanding of relationships between paraspinal muscle size and lumbosacral stability. The aim of this retrospective, secondary analysis, cross-sectional study was to test the following hypotheses related to CT measures: (a) transverse paraspinal muscle area ratios differ between hip flexion and extension, (b) lumbosacral angle and lumbosacral range of motion differ by lumbosacral angle measurement technique, and (c) transverse paraspinal muscle area ratios are correlated with CT measures of lumbosacral stability (parasagittal and parasagittal oblique foraminal area changes) regardless of hip position and with lumbosacral range of motion within each hip position. Lumbosacral CT scans in hip flexion and extension were retrieved from a previous prospective study of military working Labrador Retrievers. A single observer performed triplicate measurements of transverse paraspinal muscle area ratios, parasagittal foraminal area, and parasagittal oblique foraminal area for each hip position and another observer independently performed triplicate measurements of lumbosacral angle and lumbosacral range of motion at L7-S1 using two published techniques. Thirty-nine dogs were analyzed and significant differences were identified between hip flexion and extension for all mean transverse paraspinal muscle area ratio values (P ≤ .05). Mean lumbosacral angles also significantly differed between the published techniques in both hip flexion and extension. When comparing mean lumbosacral range of motion values, one of the published techniques produced significantly smaller values. No significant correlation was found between transverse paraspinal muscle area ratios and parasagittal foraminal area changes, parasagittal oblique foraminal area changes, or lumbosacral range of motion. These results should be considered when designing studies using these CT measures in military working dogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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