Effects of bodybuilding and protein supplements in saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, and serum

Abstract

, and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. GI and BOP were higher in group BB-G and G than in group H (P < 0.01), but PI, PD, and CAL were similar between groups (P > 0.05). In GCF, CASP1, ASC, and IL-1β expression were upregulated in group G compared with groups BB-G and H (P < 0.01). In addition, ASC (P < 0.05) and IL-1β (P < 0.01) were downregulated in group BB-G compared with group H. CASP1, IL-1β (P < 0.01), and ASC in the saliva were downregulated in group BB-G compared with groups H and G (P < 0.05). CASP1, IL-1β, and ASC may play a role in the pathogenesis of gingivitis. Bodybuilding and supplement usage may decrease gingival inflammation by downregulating CASP1, IL-1β, and ASC.

Clinical periodontal status and inflammatory cytokines in primary Sjögren syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis

“…The significant increases of GCF IL‐1β and caspase‐1 level in pSS group may support the well‐known role of innate immunity in mucosal inflammation of pSS . Aral et al . stated that the expression levels of GCF caspase 1 were significantly upregulated in the gingivitis patients.…”

“…The significant increases of GCF IL-1 and caspase-1 level in pSS group may support the well-known role of innate immunity in mucosal inflammation of pSS. 35,36 Aral et al 37 stated that the expression levels of GCF caspase 1 were significantly upregulated in the gingivitis patients. Traditional methods of disease recognition, such as changes in radiographic bone height, may be less timely because it takes several months for bone loss to become apparent radiographically.…”

Impact of health and lifestyle food supplements on periodontal tissues and health

“…However, they conceded that owing to the lack of a bodybuilder group without supplement usage, which is presumably hard to find, it was not possible to investigate the effect of exercising alone. Another problem was that most of the participating bodybuilders also used various other supplements, such as creatinine, glutamine, and branched‐chain amino acids with unknown effects on the parameters assessed 224 …”

“…Another problem was that most of the participating bodybuilders also used various other supplements, such as creatinine, glutamine, and branched-chain amino acids with unknown effects on the parameters assessed. 224 Lee et al 46 investigated the effects of a commercially available nutritional supplement drink on periodontal health or healing and tooth mobility after periodontal flap surgery. Patients with a generalized moderate chronic periodontitis were, directly after periodontal flap surgery, randomly allocated to either the intervention or the control group.…”

“…Unfortunately, the number of studies investigating the effect of protein and amino acid supplements on periodontal disease or therapy is very limited. Aral et al 224 investigated the effect of bodybuilding and protein supplements on periodontal tissues, comparing bodybuilders with gingivitis with nonexercising males with and without gingivitis. They assessed clinical periodontal parameters and analyzed saliva and gingival crevicular fluid samples for interleukin‐1β, apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing C‐terminal caspase‐recruitment domain and caspase 1.…”