Effects of breed, sex, and concentrate supplementation on digestibility, enteric methane emissions, and nitrogen utilization efficiency in growing lambs offered fresh grass1

Zhao, Yifang; Aubry, Aurélie; O’Connell, Niamh; Annett, R. W.; Yan, Tianhai

doi:10.2527/jas.2015-9515

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The N utilization efficiency can be improved by formulating balanced diets that supply sufficient fermentable energy for rumen microbes to capture ammonia for protein synthesis ( Dijkstra et al, 2011 ). It was observed that the concentrate supplementation was an effective way to improve microbial protein synthesis and shift N excretion from urine to feces ( Islam et al, 2000 ; Zhao et al, 2015 ). However, in the present study, feeding concentrates at 0.5 kg/d had no significant effects on N utilization efficiency in terms of N excretion or retained N as a proportion of N intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each treatment had four lambs and were balanced within each breed for animal age and live weight. The sheep were housed in individual pens for 19 d, then transferred to individual crates that were placed in climate-controlled open circuit respiration chambers (one sheep per crate per chamber) and remained there for 5 d with nutrient digestibility and CH 4 emissions measured during the final 4 d. All equipment, sampling procedures, analytical methods, and calibrate of chambers were described by Zhao et al (2015) . Water was freely available during the period of study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrate supplementation is an effective strategy to optimize the rumen microbial activity through the balanced supply of fermentable carbohydrates and N, especially for diets containing low-quality grass. Furthermore, concentrate supplementation usually results in increased DM intake ( Blaxter et al, 1961 ) and nutrient digestibility ( Eng et al, 1964 ), and decreased N losses especially urinary N excretion ( Hoekstra et al, 2007 ; Zhao et al, 2015 ) and CH 4 emissions ( Yan et al, 2010 ). However, the problem of low microbial protein yield in cattle and sheep fed poor quality forages cannot simply be solved or completely compensated by supplementing high amounts of concentrates ( Pathak, 2008 ), which directly affects the efficiency of N utilization ( Fanchone et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of concentrate input on nutrient utilization and methane emissions of two breeds of ewe lambs fed fresh ryegrass

Wang

Zhao

Aubry

et al. 2018

Translational Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to evaluate if high-quality grass could sustain a similar feeding efficiency to concentrate meals for two breeds of lowland ewe lambs. Sixteen lowland ewe lambs of approximately 13 mo age and 61.5 ± 5.28 kg live weight were used in a 2 × 2 factorial study, with 2 diets (fresh perennial ryegrass [Lolium perenne] vs. fresh perennial ryegrass plus 0.5 kg/d fresh concentrate) × 2 breeds (Highlander vs. Texel). Grass was cut daily in the morning from a single zero-grazing sward and offered ad libitum. The animals were individually housed in pens and fed experimental diets for an adaptation phase of 19 d, and then transferred to respiration calorimeter chambers, remaining there for 5 d, with feed intake, feces and urine outputs, and methane (CH4) emissions measured during the final 4 d. There were no significant interaction effects between diets and breeds on any variables. Ewe lambs offered 0.5 kg/d concentrate supplementation had slightly greater DM intake and energy (GE, DE, and ME) intake, but had significantly higher N intake and N excretion in feces and urine than those fed the grass-only diet. However, diets had no significant effects on nutrient digestibility, energy or N utilization, or CH4 emission. Texel breed had a significantly lower DM intake and CH4 emissions per kg live weight, whereas the breed had no significant effect on nutrient digestibility or energy or N utilization. These results implicate that good quality grass could sustain high nutrient utilization efficiency as effectively as diets supplemented with concentrates for ewe lamb production. The two breeds of lowland ewe lambs can utilize good quality grass at a similar level of efficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of concentrate input on nutrient utilization and methane emissions of two breeds of ewe lambs fed fresh ryegrass

Wang

Zhao

Aubry

et al. 2018

Translational Animal Science

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“…Ruminants are the largest source of methane emissions among livestock, releasing methane into the atmosphere through eructation. Methane production from ruminants is influenced by numerous factors, including diet, breed, genetics, and geographical range, which may have interactive effects on methane emission ( Basarab et al, 2013 ; Carberry et al, 2014 ; Henderson et al, 2015 ; Zhao et al, 2015 ; Roehe et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Age-Related Shifts in Rumen Bacteria and Methanogens in Methane Production in Cattle

et al. 2017

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Rumen microbiota are essential for maintaining digestive and metabolic functions, producing methane as a byproduct. Dairy heifers produce large amounts of methane based on fermentation of digested organic matter, with adverse consequences for feed efficiency and the environment. It is therefore important to understand the influence of host age on the relationship between microbiota and methane production. This study explored the age effect on the relationship between microbial communities and enteric methane production in dairy cows and heifers using high-throughput sequencing. Methane production and volatile fatty acid concentrations were age-related. Heifers (9–10 months) had lower methane production but higher methane production per dry matter intake (DMI). The acetate:propionate ratio decreased significantly with increasing age. Age-related microbiota changes in the rumen were reflected by a significant shift in bacterial taxa, but relatively stable archaeal taxa. Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Flavonifractor, Succinivibrio, and Methanobrevibacter were affected by age. This study revealed different associations between predominant bacterial phylotypes and Methanobrevibacter with increasing age. Prevotella was strongly correlated with Methanobrevibacter in heifers; howerver, in older cows (96–120 months) this association was replaced by a correlation between Succinivibrio and Methanobrevibacter. This shift may account for the age-related difference in rumen fermentation and methane production per DMI.

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“…Our results are in concurrence with the previous reports of McGuire et al (2013), Kang et al (2015), who reported that increasing levels of dietary CP in ruminants increased the N intake and N-retention than those fed low dietary CP levels. Islam et al (2000) and Zhao et al (2015) also observed that concentrate supplementation was an effective way to improve rumen microbial protein synthesis and shift N excretion from urine to faeces. It has been well established that the N utilization efficiency can be improved through balanced diet that can synchronously supply adequate fermentable energy and N for maximum microbial growth in the rumen and capture ammonia for protein synthesis (Dijkstra et al 2011).…”

Section: Nitrogen Balancementioning

confidence: 94%

Influence of Customized Supplement on Voluntary Feed Intake and Nutrient Metabolism in Crossbred Calves

Chaudhary¹,

Dutta²,

Jadhav³

et al. 2020

IJAR

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The present study was carried out to ascertain the effect of dietary inclusion of a customised supplement to farmers’ based diet on voluntary feed intake and nutrient metabolism in crossbred calves. In order to carry out the experiment, fifteen crossbred calves (18 months old; 166.53±4.93 kg mean BW) were randomly allocated to 3 groups (5 calves in each group) as CON, Treat and SBR, in a CRD for 30 days. The calves in CON (control) group were fed on cereal straw based diet with concentrate mixture as per the farmers’ practices, whereas, the calves in Treat were fed according to CON with additional customized supplement @ 0.25% of BW. The calves in SBR group were fed standard diet as per Kearl (1982). The intake (gd-1) of DM and OM was significantly Pandlt;0.01 higher in SBR than Treat and CON groups, while DM and OM intake as % of BW in Treat group has an intermediate position between SBR and CON groups. The concentrate intake (gd-1) was significantly Pandlt;0.001 higher in SBR followed by Treat and CON group, respectively. However, intake of wheat straw and green maize was found to be identical Pandlt;0.05 among all the groups. The digestibility coefficient of DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF was significantly Pandlt;0.05)higher in Treat and SBR groups than CON. The N-retention as per cent of intake and absorbed-N was significantly Pandlt;0.001 higher in Treat and SBR groups than CON. The Ca and P retention gd-1 was significantly Pandlt;0.001 higher in SBR group followed by Treat and CON groups. The intake gd-1 and density % of DCP and TDN were significantly Pandlt;0.001 higher in SBR group followed by Treat and CON groups. Thus, it can be concluded that supplementation of the customised supplement (@ 0.25% of BW) to CON diet significantly improved the voluntary feed intake and nutrient metabolism in crossbred calves.

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Effects of breed, sex, and concentrate supplementation on digestibility, enteric methane emissions, and nitrogen utilization efficiency in growing lambs offered fresh grass1

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of concentrate input on nutrient utilization and methane emissions of two breeds of ewe lambs fed fresh ryegrass

Effects of concentrate input on nutrient utilization and methane emissions of two breeds of ewe lambs fed fresh ryegrass

Role of Age-Related Shifts in Rumen Bacteria and Methanogens in Methane Production in Cattle

Influence of Customized Supplement on Voluntary Feed Intake and Nutrient Metabolism in Crossbred Calves

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