Effects of Brief Psychoeducational Program on Stigma in Malaysian Pre-clinical Medical Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Fernandez, Aaron; Tan, Kit‐Aun; Knaak, Stephanie; Chew, Boon How; Ghazali, Sazlina Shariff

doi:10.1007/s40596-016-0592-1

Cited by 39 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This implies that primary care nurses in Penang have more stigmatising attitudes towards people with mental illness compared to Canadian HCPs. Our figures were however lower than those found on a recent study on Malaysian medical students which utilised the same scale [ 67 ]. Taken together, it appears that significant stigmatising attitudes towards people with mental illness are prevalent among nurses and future doctors in Malaysia, a finding which is consistent with local and international studies [ 4 , 29 , 31 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Determining the effectiveness of a video-based contact intervention in improving attitudes of Penang primary care nurses towards people with mental illness

Rashid

O'Brien

2017

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundMental illness-related stigma is common, and is associated with poorer outcomes in people with mental illness. This study evaluated the attitudes of primary care nurses towards people with mental illness and its associated factors; and the effectiveness of a short video-based contact intervention (VBCI) in improving these attitudes using a Malay version of the 15-item Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Healthcare Providers (OMS-HC-15-M).MethodsA 5-minute VBCI was developed comprising elements of psychoeducation and interviews of people with mental illness and the people they interact with, relating to experience of mental illness and recovery. A pre-post cross-sectional study was conducted on 206 randomly selected primary care nurses in Penang, Malaysia. The OMS-HC-15-M questionnaire was administered before and immediately after participants viewed the VBCI. The difference in mean pre-post VBCI scores using paired t-tests, effect size and standardised response mean (SRM) were obtained. Factors correlating to attitudes were obtained using univariate and multivariate regression analyses.ResultsDifferences in pre-post VBCI score were statistically significant (p<0.001) with a 14% score reduction, a moderate effect size and SRM at 0.97 (0.85–0.11) and 1.1 (0.97–1.2) respectively. By factoring in the Minimal Detectable Change statistic of 7.76, the VBCI produced a significant improvement of attitudes in 30% of the participants. Factors associated with less stigmatising attitudes at baseline were previous psychiatry-related training, desiring psychiatric training, and positive contact with people with mental illness.ConclusionsThis is the first study in Malaysia to show that a brief VBCI is effective in improving attitudes of primary care nurses towards people with mental illness in the immediate term. Further studies are needed to determine if these results can be sustained in the longer term and generalizable to other health care professionals. Qualitative studies are warranted to provide insight to the factors correlating to these attitudes. (300 words)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Determining the effectiveness of a video-based contact intervention in improving attitudes of Penang primary care nurses towards people with mental illness

Rashid

O'Brien

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…The authors reported a statistically significant change in one out of seven items of a social distance questionnaire between pre-assessment and 1-month follow-up. By contrast, Fernandez et al (2016) found more robust results of a contact intervention. They compared a face-to-face with a video-based contact intervention in a randomised controlled trial with medical students.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…One study found a significant change in only one out of seven items measuring social distance after a face-to-face contact intervention (Altindag et al, 2006). Another study found no statistical difference between a face-to-face and video-based contact intervention (Fernandez et al, 2016). In a previous systematic review, Yamaguchi et al (2013) had identified two studies comparing face-to-face v .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing mental health-related stigma among medical and nursing students in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Heim

Henderson

Kohrt

et al. 2019

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims This systematic review compiled evidence on interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma among medical and nursing students in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Primary outcomes were stigmatising attitudes and discriminatory behaviours. Methods Data collection included two strategies. First, previous systematic reviews were searched for studies that met the inclusion criteria of the current review. Second, a new search was done, covering the time since the previous reviews, i.e. January 2013 to May 2017. Five search concepts were combined in order to capture relevant literature: stigma, mental health, intervention, professional students in medicine and nursing, and LMICs. A qualitative analysis of all included full texts was done with the software MAXQDA. Full texts were analysed with regard to the content of interventions, didactic methods, mental disorders, cultural adaptation, type of outcome measure and primary outcomes. Furthermore, a methodological quality assessment was undertaken. Results A total of nine studies from six countries (Brazil, China, Malaysia, Nigeria, Somaliland and Turkey) were included. All studies reported significant results in at least one outcome measure. However, from the available literature, it is difficult to draw conclusions on the most effective interventions. No meta-analysis could be calculated due to the large heterogeneity of intervention content, evaluation design and outcome measures. Studies with contact interventions (either face-to-face or video) demonstrated attitudinal change. There was a clear lack of studies focusing on discriminatory behaviours. Accordingly, training of specific communication and clinical skills was lacking in most studies, with the exception of one study that showed a positive effect of training interview skills on attitudes. Methods for cultural adaptation of interventions were rarely documented. The methodological quality of most studies was relatively low, with the exception of two studies. Conclusions There is an increase in studies on anti-stigma interventions among professional students in LMICs. Some of these studies used contact interventions and showed positive effects. A stronger focus on clinical and communication skills and behaviour-related outcomes is needed in future studies.

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“…The studies were published, in order of frequency, in Europe (14), Asia (11), and North America (7), plus a few contributions in Africa (3), Oceania (2) and Latin America (1). The rank is different if we consider the number of students who participated in the studies, with Asia 15,23,24,16,17 in the first position (6492), followed by Europe 13,14,7 (5730), North America (2887) and Oceania 24 (2521), and finally by Africa 23,25 and Latin America (398 and 21 students, respectively). Little research is found from low and middle income countries 3 , in spite of the fact that these are the countries in which medical students endorse more stigma attitudes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to their geographic location, the studies are distributed among 20 countries worldwide. With regard to the continental (Geographic/Cultural) distribution, Europe 13,14,7 ranks first (37%), followed by Asia 15,16,6 (29%) and North America (18%). (Figure 2.…”

Section: R E S U L T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Stigma towards Mental Illness among Medical Students? - A Systematic Review of the 1997-2018 Literature

Gervás¹,

Bueno²,

García-Ullán³

et al. 2020

jemds

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BACKGROUND The stigma associated with mental illness is a global public health problem 3 , having worse consequences than the disorders themselves 4. The objective of this study is to review the literature on the stigma towards mental illness in medical students and know about its presence. METHODS Following the PRISMA 9 methodology, a systematic review is carried out in PubMed, Web of Science (WOS) and Cochrane Library. We proceed to the reading of the abstracts of a total of 67 manuscripts, 38 of which are excluded because they do not comply with the parameters that are the object of the study. Additionally, 9 relevant articles of associated searches are reviewed. RESULTS A total of 38 manuscripts containing a participation of 18,808 medical students are evaluated. The publications come from 20 countries worldwide, without a representative predominance of any of them, led by Great Britain and Canada. 87% of the publications are concentrated in the last 8 years, showing the increase and continued presence of research. CONCLUSIONS The existence of stigma towards mental illness among the target population is corroborated in 97% of the literature. This is a heterogeneous field of study with few studies with large sample sizes. More research is needed to identify interventions which will produce a long-term change in behaviour to reduce stigma among medical students.

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Effects of Brief Psychoeducational Program on Stigma in Malaysian Pre-clinical Medical Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract: Our findings provide additional evidence that educational lecture on mental illness, coupled with either face-to-face contact or video-based contact, is predictive of positive outcomes in anti-stigma programs targeting future healthcare providers.

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

Determining the effectiveness of a video-based contact intervention in improving attitudes of Penang primary care nurses towards people with mental illness

Determining the effectiveness of a video-based contact intervention in improving attitudes of Penang primary care nurses towards people with mental illness

Reducing mental health-related stigma among medical and nursing students in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Is There a Stigma towards Mental Illness among Medical Students? - A Systematic Review of the 1997-2018 Literature

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