“…Nowadays, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) devices are playing an increasingly important role in bio-medical assays [12][13][14][15], electrical systems [16][17][18], automotive electronics [19][20][21][22] and read heads [23,24]. In particular, GMRs have been attracting a lot of researchers' interest for their applications in biosensors and biochips due to their high sensitivity, scalability and no interference of the background magnetic signal [2][3][4][5]25,26]. They can be used to detect magnetic signals and biomass signals such as the enzyme, protein, antigen and antibody by labeling the analytes with magnetic particles and detecting the magnetic fringing fields of the particle labels [27].…”