Effects of cadmium and selenium on cell division and chromosomal aberrations in Allium sativum L.

Abstract

The effects of CdC12 and Na2 SeO3, administered singly and in combination, were studied on cell division and chromosomal aberrations in root tip cells ofAllium sativum L. The frequency of dividing cells was reduced significantly and the number of chromosomal aberrations was enhanced significantly following combined treatment with Cd and Se as compared with treatment with the individual salts. The type of interaction and consequent effects on eytotoxicity depended mainly on the relative concentrations of the two salts used.Allium sativum L. roots. Materials and Methods PLANT MATERIALBulbs ofAllium sativum L. single clove variety, each weighing 2 to 4 g, procured in bulk from an established nursery, were chosen as test system due to their sensitivity to changes in environmental conditions (Kihlman, 1974). TREATMENT WITH CdC1 z AND Na2SeO 3Bulbs (10 in number) were kept with the roots immersed in Hoagland's solution pH 7 (control) or graded buffered Hoagland's solutions (pH 7), containing CdC12 and Na 2 SeO 3, separately or in combinations, for 24 hr at 30 + 2 ° C. The solutions were also aerated artificially. The excised root tips were then washed with distilled water, and fixed

Experiences with Some Toxic and Relatively Accessible Heavy Metals on the Survival and Biomass Production of Amphora costata W. Smith

“…It ranks close to lead as bio-toxic agents and can induce a wide range of toxicity (Mukherji and Sharma 1987). Growth inhibition in response to increasing cadmium in the medium has also been reported earlier by Visviki and Rachlin (1991) and Thompson and Couture (1991).…”

Evaluation of genotoxicity of coal fly ash in Allium cepa root cells by combining comet assay with the Allium test

“…Slides were prepared from each of the root meristem following the squash technique of Sharma and Sharma (1980), and coded to prevent observer bias. For positive control, five onion bulbs were subjected to 1 h treatment in 2 mM EMS, washed thoroughly in running tap water and transferred to distilled water for a recovery period of 24 h. The number of cells in mitoses, binucleated cells, chromosome breaks, and cells with micronucleus were scored (Mukherjee and Sharma 1987;Mukherjee and Sharma 1988;Kong and Ma 1999). At least 10,000 cells from about 10 root meristems per exposure were scored.…”

Interaction between essential elements - zinc and iron and metal pollutants - cadmium and lead on cell division and chromosome aberrations in Vallisneria spiralis L.

“…Simultaneous treatment with other metal pollutants in plants gave either additive (Fis kesjo 1980, Dhir et al 1985, Mukherjee and Sharma 1987, Mukhejee and Sharma 1988, synergistic (Malone et al 1978, Allison and Dzialo 1981, Whitton and Snehlata 1982, Jana and Choudhuri 1984 or antagonistic effects (Pietilainen 1975, Keul et al 1979. Certain metals like Hg, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were more toxic in combination than when present alone (Gachter 1976 observed in solution where the concentration of Cd was greater than that of Pb (Pietilainen 1975).…”